Ruffo Paola, De Amicis Francesca, Giardina Emiliano, Conforti Francesca Luisa
Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
Neural Regen Res. 2023 Jun;18(6):1243-1248. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.358615.
The growing and rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technologies have allowed a greater understanding of the mechanisms underlying gene expression regulation. Editing the epigenome and epitranscriptome directs the fate of the transcript influencing the functional outcome of each mRNA. In this context, non-coding RNAs play a decisive role in addressing the expression regulation at the gene and chromosomal levels. Long-noncoding RNAs, consisting of more than 200 nucleotides, have been shown to act as epigenetic regulators in several key molecular processes involving neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Huntington's disease. Long-noncoding RNAs are abundantly expressed in the central nervous system, suggesting that their deregulation could trigger neuronal degeneration through RNA modifications. The evaluation of their diagnostic significance and therapeutic potential could lead to new treatments for these diseases for which there is no cure.
高通量测序技术的不断发展和迅速进步，使人们对基因表达调控的潜在机制有了更深入的了解。对表观基因组和表转录组进行编辑可引导转录物的命运，影响每个信使核糖核酸（mRNA）的功能结果。在这种情况下，非编码RNA在基因和染色体水平的表达调控中起着决定性作用。由200多个核苷酸组成的长链非编码RNA已被证明在涉及神经退行性疾病（如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症和亨廷顿舞蹈症）的几个关键分子过程中作为表观遗传调节剂发挥作用。长链非编码RNA在中枢神经系统中大量表达，这表明它们的失调可能通过RNA修饰引发神经元变性。评估它们的诊断意义和治疗潜力可能会为这些无法治愈的疾病带来新的治疗方法。
