Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Curr Neuropharmacol. 2023;21(5):1202-1213. doi: 10.2174/1570159X21666221129122932.
As a global health problem, chronic pain is one of the leading causes of disability, and it imposes a huge economic and public health burden on families and society. Opioids represent the cornerstone of analgesic drugs. However, opioid tolerance caused by long-term application of opioids is a major factor leading to drug withdrawal, serious side effects caused by dose increases, and even the death of patients, placing an increasing burden on individuals, medicine, and society. Despite efforts to develop methods to prevent and treat opioid tolerance, no effective treatment has yet been found. Therefore, understanding the mechanism underlying opioid tolerance is crucial for finding new prevention and treatment strategies. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are important parts of mammalian gene transcriptomes, and there are thousands of unique noncoding RNA sequences in cells. With the rapid development of high-throughput genome technology, research on ncRNAs has become a hot topic in biomedical research. In recent years, studies have shown that ncRNAs mediate physiological and pathological processes, including chromatin remodeling, transcription, posttranscriptional modification and signal transduction, which are key regulators of physiological processes in developmental and disease environments and have become biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for various diseases. An increasing number of studies have found that ncRNAs are closely related to the development of opioid tolerance. In this review, we have summarized the evidence that ncRNAs play an important role in opioid tolerance and that ncRNAs may be novel targets for opioid tolerance.
作为一个全球性的健康问题，慢性疼痛是导致残疾的主要原因之一，它给家庭和社会带来了巨大的经济和公共卫生负担。阿片类药物是止痛药物的基石。然而，长期应用阿片类药物引起的阿片类药物耐受是导致药物戒断的主要因素，增加剂量会导致严重的副作用，甚至导致患者死亡，这给个人、医学和社会带来了越来越大的负担。尽管人们努力开发预防和治疗阿片类药物耐受的方法，但尚未找到有效的治疗方法。因此，了解阿片类药物耐受的机制对于寻找新的预防和治疗策略至关重要。非编码 RNA（ncRNA）是哺乳动物基因转录组的重要组成部分，细胞中存在数千种独特的非编码 RNA 序列。随着高通量基因组技术的快速发展，ncRNA 的研究已成为生物医学研究的热点。近年来的研究表明，ncRNA 介导生理和病理过程，包括染色质重塑、转录、转录后修饰和信号转导，它们是发育和疾病环境中生理过程的关键调节剂，已成为各种疾病的生物标志物和潜在治疗靶点。越来越多的研究发现，ncRNA 与阿片类药物耐受的发展密切相关。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 ncRNA 在阿片类药物耐受中发挥重要作用的证据，并且 ncRNA 可能是阿片类药物耐受的新靶点。
