Social and Health Services, Kaarina, Finland.
Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
PLoS One. 2022 Dec 1;17(12):e0278405. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278405. eCollection 2022.
Physical activity and body mass index (BMI) have been reported to change around retirement. The objective was to examine the concurrent changes in physical activity and BMI around retirement, which have not been studied before. In addition, the associations of different demographic characteristics with these changes were examined.
The prospective cohort study consisted of 3,351 participants in the ongoing Finnish Retirement and Ageing Study (FIREA). Repeated postal survey, including questions on physical activity and body weight and height, was conducted once a year up to five times before and after the retirement transition, the mean follow-up time being 3.6 years (SD 0.7). Group-based multi-trajectory modeling was used to identify several clusters with dissimilar concurrent changes in physical activity and BMI within the studied cohort.
Of the participants, 83% were women. The mean age at the last wave before retirement was 63.3 (SD 1.4) years. Four clusters with different trajectories of physical activity and BMI were identified. BMI remained stable around retirement transition in all four clusters, varying from normal weight to class II obesity. The association of BMI trajectories with physical activity levels were inverse, however, each activity trajectory showed a temporary increase during the retirement transition.
Retirement seems to have more effect on physical activity than BMI, showing a temporary increase in physical activity at the time of retirement.
体力活动和身体质量指数（BMI）在退休前后会发生变化。本研究旨在探讨退休前后体力活动和 BMI 的同时变化，此前尚未对此进行研究。此外，还研究了不同人口统计学特征与这些变化的关系。
前瞻性队列研究包括正在进行的芬兰退休和老龄化研究（FIREA）中的 3351 名参与者。在退休过渡期前后每年进行一次重复的邮寄调查，包括体力活动和体重、身高的问题，平均随访时间为 3.6 年（SD=0.7）。采用基于群组的多轨迹建模，在研究队列中识别出几种体力活动和 BMI 同时发生不同变化的聚类。
参与者中 83%为女性，最后一次退休前的平均年龄为 63.3（SD=1.4）岁。在四个聚类中，体力活动和 BMI 都有不同的轨迹。在所有四个聚类中，BMI 在退休过渡期前后保持稳定，体重从正常体重到 II 级肥胖不等。然而，BMI 轨迹与体力活动水平之间存在负相关，每个活动轨迹在退休过渡期都会暂时增加。
退休对体力活动的影响似乎大于 BMI，退休时体力活动会暂时增加。
