Department of Management, Technology, and Economics, ETH Zurich.
Department of Psychology, New York University.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2023 May;152(5):1351-1367. doi: 10.1037/xge0001332. Epub 2022 Dec 1.
Construal level theory identifies as the key process that guides the pursuit of distant goals and expands the scope of regulation beyond the here and now (Liberman & Trope, 2008; Trope et al., 2021). While low-level (concrete) construals are concrete representations that foster a narrow view on the immediate circumstances and allow people to focus on a small subset of concerns, high-level (abstract) construals enable people to consider variability and change by taking more distant targets into account. In the present research, we investigate how people associate construal level with lay theories and, in particular, how this association manifests in the inferences they draw about others. In line with predictions, results across eight experiments ( = 1,110) show that people associate high-level construal with growth theories and low-level construal with fixed theories. Moreover, Studies 4 and 5 demonstrate that construal level can selectively influence a candidate's employability, depending on the hiring company's organizational mindset. Overall, this research points out the importance of investigating people's beliefs about abstraction, as it highlights how low-level and high-level construals can communicate distinct traits, characteristics, or intentions to peers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
建构水平理论认为，抽象思维是指导人们追求长远目标并将调节范围扩展到此时此地之外的关键过程（Liberman & Trope, 2008; Trope 等人，2021）。虽然低层次（具体）建构是具体的表现形式，会促使人们对当前环境形成狭隘的看法，并使人们专注于一小部分关注的问题，但高层次（抽象）建构可以使人们通过考虑更远的目标来考虑可变性和变化。在本研究中，我们调查了人们如何将建构水平与常识理论联系起来，特别是这种联系如何体现在他们对他人的推断中。八项研究（n=1110）的结果与预测一致，表明人们将高层次的建构与成长理论联系起来，而将低层次的建构与固定理论联系起来。此外，研究 4 和 5 表明，根据招聘公司的组织思维模式，建构水平可以有选择地影响候选人的就业能力。总的来说，这项研究指出了研究人们对抽象思维的信念的重要性，因为它强调了低层次和高层次的建构如何向同龄人传达不同的特征、特征或意图。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2023 APA，保留所有权利）。
