Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LaBRI, UMR 5800, F-33400, Talence, France; Université de Bordeaux, SANPSY UMR 6033, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
National Reference Center for Orphan Diseases, Narcolepsy, Idiopathic Hypersomnia and Kleine-Levin Syndrome, Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, France; Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), Montpellier University, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
Sleep Med Rev. 2023 Feb;67:101718. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101718. Epub 2022 Nov 19.
Sleepiness involves many dimensions that require investigation. Since sleepiness is often defined operationally, we exhaustively inventoried all the assessment tools designed to measure it in an umbrella review, without any preconceptions, i.e. a review of reviews. We included all reviews and systematic reviews related to sleepiness assessment tools published up to March 2021. Three investigators independently assessed the eligibility of studies for inclusion and identified 36 relevant reviews. In total, 99 tools were identified and classified into 8 categories. We classified them depending on their category, their publication year and the number of mentions in the 36 included reviews. The 6 most frequently cited were the Epworth sleepiness scale, the multiple sleep latency test, the maintenance of wakefulness test, the Stanford sleepiness scale, the Karolinska sleepiness scale, and the psychomotor vigilance task. Despite the limitation that we may have missed some recently developed tools, this historical perspective on sleepiness measurement is a first step toward a better delineation of the different dimensions underlying the constructs of sleepiness, and will serve as a basis for further discussion in the clinical and research sleep community.
困倦涉及许多需要研究的维度。由于困倦通常是通过操作性定义来定义的，因此我们在一项全面的综述中穷尽地列出了所有旨在测量困倦的评估工具，没有任何先入之见，即综述的综述。我们纳入了截至 2021 年 3 月发表的所有与困倦评估工具相关的综述和系统综述。三位调查员独立评估了研究纳入的资格，并确定了 36 项相关综述。总共确定了 99 种工具，并将其分为 8 类。我们根据其类别、出版年份以及 36 项纳入综述中的提及次数对其进行分类。被引用次数最多的 6 个工具是 Epworth 嗜睡量表、多次睡眠潜伏期测试、维持清醒测试、斯坦福嗜睡量表、Karolinska 嗜睡量表和精神运动警觉任务。尽管我们可能错过了一些最近开发的工具，但对困倦测量的这种历史视角是对困倦的不同维度进行更好描述的第一步，也将为临床和研究睡眠领域的进一步讨论提供基础。
