Schumacher Lesley A, Grabau Zane J, Wright David L, Small Ian M, Liao Hui-Ling
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Crop Genetics Research Unit, Jackson, TN 38301 Mississippi.
Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 United States.
J Nematol. 2022 Oct 29;54(1):20220046. doi: 10.2478/jofnem-2022-0046. eCollection 2022 Feb.
Plant-parasitic and free-living nematodes - bacterivores, fungivores, omnivores, predators - comprise the nematode community. Nematicide application and crop rotation are important tools to manage plant-parasitic nematodes, but effects on free-living nematodes and nematode ecological indices need further study. The nematicide fluopyram was recently introduced in cotton () production and its effects on the nematode community need assessment. This research was conducted in 2017 and 2018 at a long-term field site in Quincy, FL where perennial grass/sod-based (bahiagrass, ) and conventional cotton rotations were established in 2000. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of fluopyram nematicide, crop rotation phase, and irrigation on free-living nematodes and nematode ecological indices based on three soil sampling dates each season. We did not observe consistent effects of crop rotation phase on free-living nematodes or nematode ecological indices. Only omnivores were consistently negatively impacted by fluopyram. Nematode ecological indices reflected this negative effect by exhibiting a degraded/ stressed environmental condition relative to untreated plots. Free-living nematodes were not negatively impacted by nematicide when sod-based rotation was used.
植物寄生线虫和自由生活线虫（包括食细菌线虫、食真菌线虫、杂食性线虫、捕食性线虫）构成了线虫群落。施用杀线虫剂和作物轮作是管理植物寄生线虫的重要手段，但它们对自由生活线虫和线虫生态指标的影响仍需进一步研究。杀线虫剂氟吡菌酰胺最近被引入棉花生产中，其对线虫群落的影响有待评估。本研究于2017年和2018年在佛罗里达州昆西的一个长期田间试验点进行，该试验点于2000年建立了多年生草皮（巴哈雀稗）和传统棉花轮作模式。本研究的目的是基于每个季节的三个土壤采样日期，评估氟吡菌酰胺杀线虫剂、作物轮作阶段和灌溉对自由生活线虫和线虫生态指标的影响。我们没有观察到作物轮作阶段对自由生活线虫或线虫生态指标产生一致的影响。只有杂食性线虫持续受到氟吡菌酰胺的负面影响。线虫生态指标通过显示相对于未处理地块环境条件退化/受胁迫，反映了这种负面影响。当采用草皮轮作时，自由生活线虫未受到杀线虫剂的负面影响。
