Qin Yinghua, Guo Pengfei, Li Jiacheng, Liu Jingjing, Jiang Shengchao, Yang Feng, Wang Rizhen, Wang Jiahui, Liu Huan, Zhang Xin, Wang Kexin, Wu Qunhong, Shi Wuxiang
Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Health Management College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Department of Health Economy and Social Security, College of Humanities and Management, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.
Front Psychol. 2022 Nov 15;13:905028. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.905028. eCollection 2022.
Postpartum depression (PPD) is the most common mental illness affecting women during lactation, and good social capital is considered a protective factor. This study aimed to investigate PPD symptoms, and explore the relationships between social capital and PPD symptoms of lactating women in southwest minority areas in China.
This cross-sectional study was conducted among 413 lactating women in Guangxi, China. Data were collected using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the Chinese version of the Social Capital Assessment Questionnaire. Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to explore the factors influencing PPD symptoms, and a structural equation model was used to examine how social participation and cognitive social capital mediated PPD symptoms.
The total prevalence of PPD symptoms (score > 12) was 16.46%, and that of mild depression symptoms (9-12 score) was 22.03%. Nine variables predicted PPD symptoms and explained 71.6% of the variance in the regression model: higher age, lack of medical security, fixed occupation, breastfeeding time, self-caregiver, maternity leave, social participation, social trust, and social reciprocity. Furthermore, cognitive social capital mediated the relationship between social participation and PPD symptoms, with a mediation effect rate was 44.00%.
The findings of this study highlight that social capital, support from family members, maternity leave, and medical insurance play protective roles in the PPD symptoms of lactating women. It is necessary to improve social capital as a key strategy for interventions for PPD symptoms, and active social participation activities are critical to reducing PPD symptoms among lactating women in minority areas.
产后抑郁症（PPD）是哺乳期女性最常见的精神疾病，良好的社会资本被认为是一个保护因素。本研究旨在调查PPD症状，并探讨中国西南少数民族地区哺乳期妇女的社会资本与PPD症状之间的关系。
本横断面研究在中国广西的413名哺乳期妇女中进行。使用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表和中文版社会资本评估问卷收集数据。进行分层回归分析以探讨影响PPD症状的因素，并使用结构方程模型来检验社会参与和认知社会资本如何介导PPD症状。
PPD症状（得分>12）的总患病率为16.46%，轻度抑郁症状（得分9 - 12）的患病率为22.03%。九个变量预测了PPD症状，并解释了回归模型中71.6%的方差变异：年龄较大、缺乏医疗保障、固定职业、母乳喂养时间、自我照顾者、产假、社会参与、社会信任和社会互惠。此外，认知社会资本介导了社会参与与PPD症状之间的关系，中介效应率为44.00%。
本研究结果强调，社会资本、家庭成员的支持、产假和医疗保险在哺乳期妇女的PPD症状中发挥保护作用。将改善社会资本作为PPD症状干预的关键策略很有必要，积极的社会参与活动对于减少少数民族地区哺乳期妇女的PPD症状至关重要。
