Trius-Soler Marta, Tresserra-Rimbau Anna, Moreno Juan J, Peris Pilar, Estruch Ramon, Lamuela-Raventós Rosa M
Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XIA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain.
Front Nutr. 2022 Nov 15;9:1014140. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1014140. eCollection 2022.
Osteoporosis is a chronic progressive bone disease characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to an increase in bone fragility and the risk of fractures. A well-known risk factor for bone loss is postmenopausal status. Beer may have a protective effect against osteoporosis associated with its content of silicon, polyphenols, iso-α-acids and ethanol, and its moderate consumption may therefore help to reduce bone loss in postmenopausal women.
Accordingly, a 2-year controlled clinical intervention study was conducted to evaluate if a moderate daily intake of beer with (AB) or without alcohol (NAB) could have beneficial effects on bone tissue. A total of 31 postmenopausal women were assigned to three study groups: 15 were administered AB (330 mL/day) and six, NAB (660 mL/day), whereas, the 10 in the control group refrained from consuming alcohol, NAB, and hop-related products. At baseline and subsequent assessment visits, samples of plasma and urine were taken to analyze biochemical parameters, and data on medical history, diet, and exercise were collected. BMD and the trabecular bone score (TBS) were determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Markers of bone formation (bone alkaline phosphatase [BAP] and -propeptide of type I collagen [PINP]) and bone resorption (-telopeptide of type I collagen [NTX] and C-telopeptide of type I collagen [CTX]) were determined annually.
Bone formation markers had increased in the AB and NAB groups compared to the control after the 2-year intervention. However, the evolution of BMD and TBS did not differ among the three groups throughout the study period.
Therefore, according to the findings of this pilot study, moderate beer intake does not seem to have a protective effect against bone loss in early post-menopausal women.
骨质疏松症是一种慢性进行性骨病，其特征为骨矿物质密度（BMD）低以及骨组织微结构恶化，导致骨脆性增加和骨折风险升高。绝经后状态是众所周知的骨质流失风险因素。啤酒因其含有硅、多酚、异α-酸和乙醇，可能对骨质疏松症具有保护作用，因此适度饮用啤酒可能有助于减少绝经后女性的骨质流失。
据此，开展了一项为期2年的对照临床干预研究，以评估每日适度饮用含酒精啤酒（AB）或不含酒精啤酒（NAB）是否对骨组织有有益影响。共有31名绝经后女性被分配到三个研究组：15人饮用AB（330毫升/天），6人饮用NAB（660毫升/天），而对照组的10人则不饮用酒精、NAB和与啤酒花相关的产品。在基线和后续评估访视时，采集血浆和尿液样本以分析生化参数，并收集病史、饮食和运动数据。通过双能X线吸收法测定BMD和小梁骨评分（TBS）。每年测定骨形成标志物（骨碱性磷酸酶[BAP]和I型胶原前肽[PINP]）和骨吸收标志物（I型胶原N端肽[NTX]和I型胶原C端肽[CTX]）。
经过2年干预后，AB组和NAB组的骨形成标志物相比于对照组有所增加。然而，在整个研究期间，三组之间BMD和TBS的变化并无差异。
因此，根据这项初步研究的结果，适度饮用啤酒似乎对绝经后早期女性的骨质流失没有保护作用。
