School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimri-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
Biomater Adv. 2023 Jan;144:213221. doi: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213221. Epub 2022 Nov 26.
Recently, it has been revealed that the physical microenvironment can be translated into cellular mechanosensing to direct human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) differentiation. Graphene oxide (GO), a major derivative of graphene, has been regarded as a promising material for stem cell lineage specification due to its biocompatibility and unique physical properties to interact with stem cells. Especially, the lateral size of GO flakes is regarded as the key factor regulating cellular response caused by GO. In this work, GO that had been mechanically created and had an average diameter of 0.9, 1.1, and 1.7 m was produced using a ball-mill process. When size-controlled GO flakes were applied to hMSCs, osteogenic differentiation was enhanced by GO with a specific average diameter of 1.7 μm. It was confirmed that osteogenic differentiation was increased due to the enhanced expression of focal adhesion and the development of focal adhesion subordinate signals via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) pathway. These results suggest that size-controlled GO flakes could be efficient materials for promoting osteogenesis of hMSCs. Results of this study could also improve our understanding of the correlation between hMSCs and cellular responses to GO.
最近，人们揭示了物理微观环境可以转化为细胞机械感受，从而指导人类间充质干细胞（hMSC）分化。氧化石墨烯（GO）是石墨烯的主要衍生物之一，由于其生物相容性和与干细胞相互作用的独特物理特性，被认为是一种很有前途的干细胞谱系指定材料。特别是，GO 薄片的横向尺寸被认为是调节由 GO 引起的细胞反应的关键因素。在这项工作中，使用球磨工艺制备了机械生成的 GO，其平均直径为 0.9、1.1 和 1.7 μm。当将尺寸控制的 GO 薄片应用于 hMSC 时，具有特定平均直径 1.7 μm 的 GO 增强了成骨分化。通过细胞外信号调节激酶（ERK）-丝裂原激活蛋白激酶（MEK）途径证实，成骨分化的增加是由于粘着斑的增强表达和粘着斑从属信号的发展。这些结果表明，尺寸控制的 GO 薄片可以成为促进 hMSC 成骨的有效材料。该研究的结果还可以提高我们对 hMSC 与细胞对 GO 反应之间相关性的理解。
