Grierson Jessica, Flies Emily J, Bissett Andrew, Ammitzboll Hans, Jones Penelope
Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Australia; School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Australia; Healthy Landscapes Research Group, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Australia.
School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Australia; Healthy Landscapes Research Group, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Australia.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Mar 10;863:160468. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160468. Epub 2022 Dec 2.
Exposure to diverse microbial communities early in life can help support healthy human immune function. Soil microbiomes in public and private urban green spaces are potentially important sources of contact with diverse microbiomes for much of the global population. However, we lack understanding of how soil microbial communities vary across and within urban green spaces, and whether these patterns vary across microbial kingdoms; closing this knowledge gap may help us optimise green spaces' capacities to provide this ecosystem service. Here we explore the diversity and community compositions of soil microbiomes across urban green space types in Tasmania, Australia. Specifically, we analysed soil bacterial, fungal, and protozoan diversity and composition across private backyards and public parks. Within parks, we conducted separate sampling for areas of high and low intensity use. We found that: (i) bacteria, fungi, and protozoa showed different patterns of variation, (ii) bacterial alpha-diversity was lowest in low-intensity use areas of parks, (iii) there was relatively little variation in the community composition across backyards, and high and low intensity-use park areas and (iv) neither human-associated bacteria, nor potential microbial community function of bacteria and fungi differed significantly across green space types. To our knowledge, this is the first urban soil microbiome analysis which analyses these three soil microbial kingdoms simultaneously across public and private green space types and within public spaces according to intensity of use. These findings demonstrate how green space type and use intensity may impact on soil microbial diversity and composition, and thus may influence our opportunity to gain healthy exposure to diverse environmental microbiomes.
生命早期接触多样的微生物群落有助于支持人体健康的免疫功能。对于全球大部分人口而言，公共和私人城市绿地中的土壤微生物群落可能是接触多样微生物群落的重要潜在来源。然而，我们并不了解城市绿地之间及内部的土壤微生物群落如何变化，以及这些模式在不同微生物界中是否存在差异；填补这一知识空白或许能帮助我们优化绿地提供这种生态系统服务的能力。在此，我们探索了澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚不同类型城市绿地中土壤微生物群落的多样性和群落组成。具体而言，我们分析了私人后院和公共公园中土壤细菌、真菌和原生动物的多样性及组成。在公园内部，我们对高强度使用区域和低强度使用区域进行了单独采样。我们发现：（i）细菌、真菌和原生动物呈现出不同的变化模式；（ii）公园低强度使用区域的细菌α多样性最低；（iii）后院、公园高强度和低强度使用区域之间的群落组成差异相对较小；（iv）不同绿地类型中，与人相关的细菌以及细菌和真菌的潜在微生物群落功能均无显著差异。据我们所知，这是首次针对公共和私人绿地类型以及公共空间内根据使用强度同时分析这三个土壤微生物界的城市土壤微生物群落分析。这些发现表明了绿地类型和使用强度可能如何影响土壤微生物多样性和组成，进而可能影响我们接触多样环境微生物群落以促进健康的机会。
