Heim-Ohmayer P, Freiberger A, Gedik M, Beckmann J, Ziehfreund S, Zink A, Hähl W, Schielein M C
Department of Sport and Health Sciences Technical University of Munich Munich Germany.
School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia.
Skin Health Dis. 2021 Jul 29;2(4):e62. doi: 10.1002/ski2.62. eCollection 2022 Dec.
Stereotypes and false assumptions about chronic and visible skin diseases can determine the behaviour towards affected individuals and result in stigmatization or discrimination.
The aim of this study was to analyze the perceived disease-related stigmatization of individuals with psoriasis, atopic dermatitis (AD) or mastocytosis. The study also aims to broaden people-centred knowledge of the effects of stigmatization in different areas of life, namely in everyday life, at work, in sports and in relationships.
Qualitative in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted among individuals with either psoriasis, AD or mastocytosis. Participants were recruited via self-help networks and were asked to express their experience of stigmatization in different areas of life. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and evaluated based on Mayring's content analysis.
In total, 24 individuals aged 19-79 years and living in Germany were included in the study-eight for each disease. Stigmatization was experienced in all three diseases in all mentioned areas of life as well as in interaction with medical professionals. Self-exclusion, negative self-perception and negative behaviour of others were the most frequent experiences with stigmatization.
Stigmatization, both internal and external, is an important factor contributing to the mental burden of people with chronic skin diseases. More research is needed to gain deeper insight into stigmatization and its psychological burden in various contexts to enhance people-centred care in chronic skin diseases.
对慢性和可见性皮肤病的刻板印象及错误假设会决定人们对患者的行为，导致污名化或歧视。
本研究旨在分析银屑病、特应性皮炎（AD）或肥大细胞增多症患者所感受到的与疾病相关的污名化。该研究还旨在拓宽以患者为中心的关于污名化在生活不同领域（即日常生活、工作、运动和人际关系中）影响的认知。
对患有银屑病、AD或肥大细胞增多症的个体进行定性深入半结构化访谈。通过自助网络招募参与者，并要求他们表达在生活不同领域的污名化经历。所有访谈都进行了录音，逐字转录，并根据梅林的内容分析法进行评估。
本研究共纳入24名年龄在19至79岁之间、居住在德国的个体，每种疾病各8名。在所有提及的生活领域以及与医疗专业人员的互动中，这三种疾病的患者都经历了污名化。自我排斥、负面的自我认知以及他人的负面行为是最常见的污名化经历。
内部和外部的污名化都是导致慢性皮肤病患者心理负担的重要因素。需要进行更多研究，以更深入地了解污名化及其在各种情况下的心理负担，从而加强对慢性皮肤病患者的以患者为中心的护理。
