Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington.
Department of Health Behavior and Health Systems, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2023 May;37(3):447-461. doi: 10.1037/adb0000893. Epub 2022 Dec 8.
Single-component personalized normative feedback (PNF) interventions and multicomponent personalized feedback interventions (PFI) have been shown to reduce alcohol consumption among college students. The present study compared the efficacy of PNF interventions targeting descriptive norms alone (descriptive PNF), injunctive norms alone (injunctive PNF), or their combination (combined PNF), against a multicomponent PFI and an attention control condition.
Undergraduates ( = 1,137) across two universities who reported a minimum of one past-month episode of heavy episodic drinking (i.e., 4 +/5 + drinks on a single occasion for females/males) completed assessments at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 months postintervention.
Relative to the attention control, participants in each of the four intervention conditions showed greater reductions in perceived descriptive/injunctive norms, total drinks per week, and alcohol-related consequences. Peak estimated blood alcohol concentration was also reduced in the injunctive PNF, combined PNF, and multicomponent PFI conditions, with the latter two conditions showing an advantage for duration of effects. The multicomponent PFI condition also evidenced greater reductions than the injunctive PNF in descriptive norms at 3-month and injunctive norms at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. No other group comparisons on any outcome were significant.
Each intervention has merit for use in college student harm reduction efforts. Single-component or combined PNF could be considered a potential starting point, as PNF is less burdensome than a multicomponent PFI when considering ease and length of delivery. Results can inform optimization of norms-based interventions and guide recommendations on efficacious components for reducing alcohol use and harms on college campuses. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
单一组分个性化规范反馈（PNF）干预和多组分个性化反馈干预（PFI）已被证明可减少大学生的饮酒量。本研究比较了仅针对描述性规范（描述性 PNF）、仅针对指令性规范（指令性 PNF）或两者结合（组合 PNF）的 PNF 干预与多组分 PFI 和注意对照条件的效果。
两所大学的本科生（n=1137）报告至少有一次过去一个月的重度间断性饮酒（即女性/男性单次 4+/5+ 次饮酒），在干预前和干预后 3、6 和 12 个月进行评估。
与注意对照组相比，四个干预组的参与者在感知的描述性/指令性规范、每周总饮酒量和与酒精相关的后果方面都有更大的减少。在指令性 PNF、组合 PNF 和多组分 PFI 条件下，峰值估计的血液酒精浓度也有所降低，后两种条件在效果持续时间上具有优势。在 3 个月时，多组分 PFI 条件在描述性规范方面的减少量也大于指令性 PNF，在 6 个月和 12 个月时的指令性规范方面也具有优势。在任何结果上，其他组间比较均不显著。
每种干预措施都有助于减少大学生的伤害。单一组分或组合 PNF 可以被认为是一个潜在的起点，因为与多组分 PFI 相比，PNF 在考虑到实施的简便性和时长时，负担更小。结果可以为基于规范的干预措施的优化提供信息，并指导减少大学校园饮酒和伤害的有效成分的建议。（APA，2023）
