School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
J Adv Nurs. 2023 Feb;79(2):652-663. doi: 10.1111/jan.15524. Epub 2022 Dec 9.
In this study, a person-centred approach was used to analyse career success profiles and explore the associated psychosocial factors among nurses.
A cross-sectional study was conducted from 15 April to 15 October 2019.
A total of 1155 registered Chinese nurses were recruited from two general hospitals using convenience sampling. Participants completed a printed questionnaire, including the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Stress of Conscience Questionnaire, Practice Environment Scale, and Career Success Scale. Latent profile analysis and multinomial logistic regression were performed. The data were analysed with Mplus 8.3 and SPSS version 26.0.
Three latent profiles of career success were identified: high, moderate and low. Nurses with lower educational levels, more years of work experience, lower emotional exhaustion, higher personal achievement, lower stress of conscience and higher participation in hospital affairs were more likely to have higher career success than the other profiles.
Burnout, stress of conscience, practice environment, educational level and years of work experience were associated with career success among nurses. Targeting interventions may help enhance nurses' career success. Future research should combine subjective and objective indicators (salary, title and so on) to assess career success and explore other determinants for formulating interventions to enhance nurses' career success.
The heterogeneity and psychosocial factors associated with nurses' career success provide valuable evidence for the formulation of individualized interventions. Nursing managers should understand the importance of career success, develop interventions to reduce nurses' burnout and stress of conscience, and improve the practice environment to enhance their career success.
This study was designed to examine the psychosocial factors associated with nurses' career success. The study was not conducted using suggestions from the patient groups or the public.
本研究采用以人为主的方法分析护士的职业成功概况，并探讨相关的心理社会因素。
本研究于 2019 年 4 月 15 日至 10 月 15 日进行了一项横断面研究。
采用便利抽样法从两家综合医院招募了 1155 名注册中国护士。参与者完成了一份印刷问卷，包括 Maslach 倦怠量表、良心压力问卷、实践环境量表和职业成功量表。采用潜在剖面分析和多项逻辑回归进行分析。使用 Mplus 8.3 和 SPSS 版本 26.0 对数据进行分析。
确定了三种职业成功的潜在模式：高、中、低。与其他模式相比，教育程度较低、工作经验年限较长、情绪衰竭程度较低、个人成就较高、良心压力较低、参与医院事务较多的护士更有可能拥有较高的职业成功。
倦怠、良心压力、实践环境、教育程度和工作经验年限与护士的职业成功有关。针对干预措施可能有助于提高护士的职业成功。未来的研究应结合主观和客观指标（工资、职称等）来评估职业成功，并探索其他决定因素，以制定干预措施来提高护士的职业成功。
护士职业成功的异质性和心理社会因素为制定个性化干预措施提供了有价值的证据。护理管理人员应认识到职业成功的重要性，制定干预措施来减少护士的倦怠和良心压力，改善实践环境，以提高他们的职业成功。
本研究旨在研究与护士职业成功相关的心理社会因素。该研究不是基于患者群体或公众的建议进行的。
