Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China.
Shandong Nuclear and Radiation Safety Monitoring Center, Jinan 250117, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Nov 24;19(23):15619. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192315619.
The application of livestock manure is the leading cause of antibiotic and heavy metal pollution in agricultural soil. However, the effects of oxytetracycline (OTC) and lead (Pb) pollution in the single or combined form on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the soil need to be further studied. This study was planned to investigate the effects of OTC and Pb application on ARGs, mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and bacterial abundance in the soil. The relative abundance of ARGs and MGEs increased by 0.31-fold and 0.03-fold after the addition of 80 mg kg Pb to the soil, and by 0.49-fold and 0.03-fold after the addition of 160 mg kg Pb. In addition, under the premise of the existence of OTC, the inhibitory effect of a low concentration of Pb on ARG is stronger than that of a high concentration of Pb, resulting in a lower abundance of ARGs. The abundance of ARGs and MGEs increased by 0.11-fold and 0.17-fold after the addition of OTC (30 mg kg) to the soil at a Pb concentration of 80 mg kg and by 0.18-fold and 0.04-fold at a Pb concentration of 160 mg kg. The addition of OTC and Pb in the soil also decreased the many bacterial communities such as Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Firmicutes. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that organic matter content and pH were positively correlated with the abundance of ARGs and MGEs. At the same time, electrical conductivity (EC) had a negative correlation with the abundance of ARGs and MGEs in the soil. was significantly associated with , , , , and . Network analysis illustrated that Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were the main host bacteria causing changes in the abundance of ARGs and MGEs, and they were also predominant phylum in the culture environment. This conclusion can provide a reference for the related research of ARGs in soil.
畜禽粪便的应用是农业土壤中抗生素和重金属污染的主要原因。然而，单一或联合形式的土霉素（OTC）和铅（Pb）污染对土壤中抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的影响仍需进一步研究。本研究旨在研究 OTC 和 Pb 应用对土壤中 ARGs、移动遗传元件（MGEs）和细菌丰度的影响。向土壤中添加 80mg/kg Pb 后，ARGs 和 MGEs 的相对丰度分别增加了 0.31 倍和 0.03 倍，添加 160mg/kg Pb 后，ARGs 和 MGEs 的相对丰度分别增加了 0.49 倍和 0.03 倍。此外，在存在 OTC 的前提下，低浓度 Pb 对 ARG 的抑制作用强于高浓度 Pb，导致 ARGs 丰度较低。当土壤中 Pb 浓度为 80mg/kg 时，添加 30mg/kg OTC 后，ARGs 和 MGEs 的丰度分别增加了 0.11 倍和 0.17 倍；当土壤中 Pb 浓度为 160mg/kg 时，添加 30mg/kg OTC 后，ARGs 和 MGEs 的丰度分别增加了 0.18 倍和 0.04 倍。土壤中 OTC 和 Pb 的添加也降低了许多细菌群落，如拟杆菌门、变形菌门、酸杆菌门和厚壁菌门。冗余分析（RDA）表明，有机质含量和 pH 值与 ARGs 和 MGEs 的丰度呈正相关。同时，土壤中电导率（EC）与 ARGs 和 MGEs 的丰度呈负相关。与 ARGs 和 MGEs 显著相关的是 、 、 、 、 。网络分析表明，放线菌门、拟杆菌门和变形菌门是引起 ARGs 和 MGEs 丰度变化的主要宿主细菌，也是培养环境中的主要优势门。这一结论可以为土壤中 ARGs 的相关研究提供参考。
