Agricultural Clean Watershed Research Group, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China.
Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
Bioresour Technol. 2021 Jan;320(Pt B):124403. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124403. Epub 2020 Nov 12.
Current work for animal manure processing is not up to the required standards and hence are not supposed to reflect the actual performance in antibiotic resistance control. As a result, this study carried out temperature-controlled aerobic composting, with sulfamethoxazole (SMX) as a typical antibiotic. The results of four different treatments demonstrated that temperature, water content, C/N ratio, EC, and pH showed no significant (p > 0.05) difference. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) significantly decreased in the initial 10 days of the thermophilic phase, but the abundance of sul1 and sul2 increased greatly after 30 days. Moreover, ARGs were closely related with each other during the late stages of composting. A noteworthy effect of composting properties, especially temperature on bacterial community, which then had a positive effect on ARGs abundances. These findings provided evidence that the standard composting was still insufficient to control antibiotic resistance.
目前动物粪便处理的工作还没有达到要求的标准，因此不能反映在抗生素抗性控制方面的实际效果。因此，本研究采用温度控制好氧堆肥，以磺胺甲恶唑（SMX）作为典型抗生素。四种不同处理方法的结果表明，温度、含水量、C/N 比、电导率和 pH 值没有显著差异（p>0.05）。抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）在高温阶段的最初 10 天内显著减少，但在 30 天后 sul1 和 sul2 的丰度大大增加。此外，ARGs 在堆肥后期相互之间密切相关。堆肥特性（特别是温度）对细菌群落有显著影响，进而对 ARGs 的丰度产生积极影响。这些发现为标准堆肥仍然不足以控制抗生素抗性提供了证据。
