School of Safety Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232000, China.
School of Economics and Management, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232000, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Dec 5;19(23):16254. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192316254.
As a typical public place, a university library has a large collection of books with heavy fire load, dense population, and large flow of people. The situation of safe evacuation in case of fire is very serious. This study utilizes Revit, Pyrosim, and Pathfinder software to research evacuation of a university library. First, a Building Information Modeling (BIM) is constructed based on Revit software in 1:1 scale. Second, the evacuation passage with the highest utilization rate was determined through Pathfinder software. According to the "most unfavorable principle," the location near it was assumed to be where the fire occurred. Pyrosim software was used to determine the smoke spread, visibility, CO concentration, temperature, and other conditions at each stairway exit in case of fire. Finally, the evacuation situation is compared with that after man-made route planning. The results indicate that evacuation exits 1#, 7#, 13#, 19#, and 23# have the highest utilization rate. The safe evacuation time was 739.275 s, which was shortened to 638.025 s after man-made route planning, a 13.67% increase in evacuation efficiency. Evacuation efficiency can be significantly improved by increasing broadcast guidelines, adding signs, widening staircases, and other optimization suggestions, which can provide reference for the study of evacuation effects in public places and the improvement of the layout of public facilities.
作为一个典型的公共场所，大学图书馆拥有大量的书籍，火灾荷载大，人口密集，人流量大。在发生火灾时，安全疏散的情况非常严重。本研究利用 Revit、Pyrosim 和 Pathfinder 软件研究大学图书馆的疏散情况。首先，基于 Revit 软件以 1:1 的比例构建建筑信息模型（BIM）。其次，通过 Pathfinder 软件确定利用率最高的疏散通道。根据“最不利原则”，假设其附近位置发生火灾。Pyrosim 软件用于确定火灾发生时每个楼梯出口的烟雾扩散、能见度、CO 浓度、温度等情况。最后，将疏散情况与人为规划路线后的疏散情况进行比较。结果表明，疏散出口 1#、7#、13#、19#和 23#的利用率最高。安全疏散时间为 739.275 秒，人为规划路线后缩短至 638.025 秒，疏散效率提高了 13.67%。通过增加广播指南、增加标志、拓宽楼梯等优化建议，可以显著提高疏散效率，为公共场所疏散效果的研究和公共设施布局的改善提供参考。
