Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
Nissan Chemical Corporation, Tokyo 103-6119, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Dec 5;19(23):16260. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192316260.
This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary problems and frailty according to tooth loss in older Japanese people. This cross-sectional study included 160 older people (mean age 82.6 years) from Japan. Frailty status was assessed using the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) criteria, which consists of (i) weight loss > 5% in the past year, (ii) inability to perform five chair stands, and (iii) self-perceived reduced energy level. Frailty was defined as the presence of ≥2 items of SOF criteria. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed with frailty as the dependent variable and dietary problems as the independent variable, stratified according to having <20 teeth. Low appetite and no enjoyment of eating were associated with frailty after adjusting for covariates in participants with <20 teeth. Dietary problems, including low appetite, eating alone, and negative attitudes toward enjoyment of eating were associated with a self-perceived reduced energy level in participants with <20 teeth. However, this association was not observed in participants with ≥20 teeth. In older people with fewer teeth, dietary problems have been suggested to be associated with frailty. Therefore, it may be necessary to pay attention to dietary problems, especially in older people with tooth loss.
本研究旨在探讨日本老年人中，根据缺牙情况，饮食问题与虚弱之间的关联。这项横断面研究纳入了 160 名日本老年人（平均年龄 82.6 岁）。虚弱状况采用骨质疏松性骨折研究（SOF）标准评估，标准包括：（i）过去一年体重减轻>5%，（ii）无法完成五次椅站，以及（iii）自我感知能量水平降低。出现≥2 项 SOF 标准则定义为虚弱。根据缺牙数<20 颗进行分层，将虚弱作为因变量，饮食问题作为自变量，进行多变量逻辑回归分析。在调整了<20 颗牙齿的参与者的协变量后，低食欲和无进食乐趣与虚弱有关。在<20 颗牙齿的参与者中，饮食问题，包括低食欲、独自进食和对享受进食的消极态度，与自我感知能量水平降低有关。然而，在缺牙数≥20 颗的参与者中，未观察到这种关联。在缺牙较少的老年人中，饮食问题与虚弱有关。因此，对于老年人，特别是缺牙的老年人，需要关注饮食问题。
