Department of Periodontology, Federal University Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2492, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90035-003, Brazil.
Clin Nutr. 2018 Jun;37(3):824-830. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.03.014. Epub 2017 Mar 28.
This systematic review aimed to compare the nutritional status and oral health in older adults individuals. Three databases (Medline-Pubmed, Scopus and EMBASE) were searched up to October 28th 2016 for studies that performed the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) or the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and an oral examination performed by a dental professional, either dental hygienist or a dentist. Both observational and interventional studies were screened for eligibility. Meta-analyses were performed comparing the malnourished/at risk of malnutrition and the normal nutrition subjects with three oral health parameters (edentulism, use of prosthesis and mean number of present teeth). Twenty-six studies were included in the systematic review, of which 23 were cross-sectional. It was showed that well-nourished subjects had a significantly higher number of pairs of teeth/Functional Teeth Units (FTU) in comparison to individuals with risk of malnutrition or malnutrition. The meta-analyses showed no statistically significant association between edentulism and use of prosthesis, as the pooled Relative Risk were, respectively, 1.072 (95% CI 0.957-1.200, p = 0.230) and 0.874 (95% CI 0.710-1.075, p = 0.202). On the other hand, the pooled Standard Mean Difference of mean number of present teeth were -0.141 (95% CI -0.278 to -0.005, p = 0.042) in subjects with at risk of malnutrition/malnourished. FTU and mean number of teeth present were significantly associated with nutritional status. Furthermore, more longitudinal studies in this field are needed.
本系统评价旨在比较老年人的营养状况和口腔健康。从 2016 年 10 月 28 日起，我们在 3 个数据库（Medline-Pubmed、Scopus 和 EMBASE）中搜索了进行主观全面评估（SGA）或微型营养评估（MNA）以及由牙科保健员或牙医进行口腔检查的研究。筛选了观察性和干预性研究以确定其是否符合入选标准。使用三种口腔健康参数（无牙、义齿使用情况和现有牙齿的平均数量）对比较营养不良/有营养不良风险和营养良好的受试者的 meta 分析进行了比较。系统评价共纳入 26 项研究，其中 23 项为横断面研究。结果表明，营养良好的受试者的牙齿/功能牙单位（FTU）数量明显多于有营养不良风险或营养不良的受试者。meta 分析显示，无牙和义齿使用之间没有统计学显著关联，合并相对风险分别为 1.072（95% CI 0.957-1.200，p=0.230）和 0.874（95% CI 0.710-1.075，p=0.202）。另一方面，在有营养不良风险/营养不良的受试者中，现有牙齿平均数量的合并标准均数差为-0.141（95% CI -0.278 至-0.005，p=0.042）。FTU 和现有牙齿数量与营养状况显著相关。此外，该领域还需要更多的纵向研究。
