Université Paris Cité, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), F-75004 Paris, France.
Université de Bordeaux, Inserm, UMR1219, PHARes team, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Dec 5;19(23):16276. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192316276.
Diet, screen time, physical activity, and sleep combine into lifestyle patterns with synergistic effects on health. This study aimed to identify lifestyle patterns in children without housing and assess their associations with physical and mental health and family socio-ecological factors. In the 2013 ENFAMS cross-sectional survey (children aged 6-12 experiencing homelessness, Greater Paris area, n = 235), parents reported socio-ecological factors, children's behaviours, and mental health (the latter was also child-reported). Nurses measured children's haemoglobin concentrations and body mass index. Principal component analysis was used to derive sex-specific lifestyle patterns. Hierarchical linear regressions and "outcome-wide" analyses assessed, respectively, these patterns' relations to health and family socio-ecological factors. A rather healthy lifestyle pattern-similarly characterized by diverse diet and high sleep time-was identified, with slight differences by sex. Scores for this pattern were higher for children in food-secure or higher-income households, whose parents were proficient in French, who slept longer, or who received more social support compared to their counterparts, with some nuances by sex. Higher scores for this pattern were associated with higher prosocial behaviour scores (girls) and lower anxiety and hyperactivity-inattention symptoms scores (boys), but not with physical health. For this underserved and understudied population, the results highlight the importance of family socio-ecological factors in shaping the lifestyles and mental health of children.
饮食、屏幕时间、体育活动和睡眠综合形成生活方式模式，对健康具有协同作用。本研究旨在确定无住房儿童的生活方式模式，并评估其与身心健康以及家庭社会生态因素的关联。在 2013 年 ENFAMS 横断面调查（6-12 岁经历无家可归的儿童，大巴黎地区，n=235）中，父母报告了社会生态因素、儿童行为和心理健康（后者也由儿童报告）。护士测量了儿童的血红蛋白浓度和体重指数。主成分分析用于推导出特定性别生活方式模式。分层线性回归和“全结果”分析分别评估了这些模式与健康和家庭社会生态因素的关系。确定了一种相当健康的生活方式模式——同样以多样化的饮食和高睡眠时间为特征，且在性别上略有差异。在与食物安全或高收入家庭的儿童相比，在父母法语流利、睡眠时间较长或获得更多社会支持的儿童中，该模式的得分更高，而在性别上存在细微差别。该模式的得分较高与亲社会行为得分较高（女孩）和焦虑和多动注意力缺陷症状得分较低（男孩）相关，但与身体健康无关。对于这个服务不足和研究不足的人群，结果强调了家庭社会生态因素在塑造儿童生活方式和心理健康方面的重要性。
