电子束精炼过程中技术铪回收可能性的研究。

Study of the Possibility of Recycling of Technogenic Hafnium during Electron Beam Refining.

作者信息

Vutova Katia, Stefanova Vladislava, Markov Martin, Vassileva Vania

机构信息

Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria.

Department of Metallurgy of Non-Ferrous Metals and Semiconductors Technologies, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria.

出版信息

Materials (Basel). 2022 Nov 29;15(23):8518. doi: 10.3390/ma15238518.

DOI:10.3390/ma15238518

PMID:36500014

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9738628/

Abstract

The possibility of removing metallic (such as Zr, Fe, Cr, and Zn) impurities and non-metallic (such as [O] and C) impurities from technogenic hafnium through single and double refining in the conditions of electron beam melting (EBM) has been studied. The influence of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters on the degree of removal of these impurities from the base metal under vacuum conditions and within a temperature interval of 2500 K to 3100 K is defined. The relative volatility of metal impurities and the stability of the oxides and carbides present in the base metal are evaluated. The possibility for complete removal of Fe, Cr, Zn, [O], and C during EBM is shown. In the case of double refining, at a temperature of 2700 K for 20 min, the maximum degree of removal of Zr is 46.8%, the achieved highest hafnium purity is 99.004%, and the overall effectiveness of the refining of hafnium from impurities is 53%. There is a correlation between the degree of removal of Zr and the micro-hardness of the Hf ingots obtained after EBM. The weight losses vary in the ranges of 1.5-5.8% and 1-8% under the studied single and double refining processes, respectively.

摘要

研究了在电子束熔炼（EBM）条件下，通过单精炼和双精炼从工业铪中去除金属杂质（如Zr、Fe、Cr和Zn）和非金属杂质（如[O]和C）的可能性。确定了在真空条件下以及2500 K至3100 K温度区间内，热力学和动力学参数对这些杂质从母材中去除程度的影响。评估了金属杂质的相对挥发性以及母材中存在的氧化物和碳化物的稳定性。结果表明在电子束熔炼过程中可以完全去除Fe、Cr、Zn、[O]和C。在双精炼的情况下，在2700 K温度下精炼20分钟，Zr的最大去除率为46.8%，获得的铪最高纯度为99.004%，从杂质中精炼铪的总体效率为53%。电子束熔炼后获得的铪锭中Zr的去除程度与显微硬度之间存在相关性。在研究的单精炼和双精炼过程中，重量损失分别在1.5 - 5.8%和1 - 8%的范围内变化。