Liang Shejian, Zhang Jiongbin, Liu Yufang, Wen Zhijia, Liu Xinxin, Dang Fengliang, Xie Tianxiao, Wang Jingxin, Wang Zhanqian, Wu Hong
Guangdong Technology Research Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Natural Medicine, College of Life Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Dec 5;11(23):3390. doi: 10.3390/plants11233390.
Dry mature pericarp of "Chachi" (PCR), Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Chachiensis, is a traditional Chinese medicine that displays characteristics of different usage at different harvest times in clinical use. The corresponding changes in the bioactive components in PCR from different harvest times remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, broadly targeted metabolomics technology was used to compare the differences in bioactive components among pericarps of PCR, which are the raw material of PCR at different growth stages. In the results, 210 kinds of flavonoid metabolites were detected. The content of hesperidin in red PCR harvested in December was higher than that in Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride (CRPV) and reddish PCR harvested from July to November. Furthermore, the content of nobiletin, tangeretin, and 3,3',4',5,6,7,8-heptamethoxyflavone in CRPV from July to September was higher than that in the PCR harvested at other times. In addition, the result of cluster analysis and PCA showed that CRPV harvested from July to September had an obvious grouping pattern with the reddish PCR and the red PCR harvested from October to December. Differential metabolites in six comparison groups (A1 vs. A6, A1 vs. A2, A2 vs. A3, A3 vs. A4, A4 vs. A5, A5 vs. A6) were 67, 48, 14, 51, 42, and 40, respectively. The common differential metabolite of four comparison groups was 3',4',7-trihydroxyflavone (A1 vs. A2, A2 vs. A3, A3 vs. A4, A4 vs. A5). All the flavonoid differential metabolites screened were enriched in 16 metabolic pathways. Moreover, the results of the evaluation of the total antioxidant capacity indicated that CRPV in August was a suitable raw material for the production of antioxidants. Through molecular docking, the content of potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 components in the PCR in October was higher than that in the PCR in other periods. These results further proved that PCR at different harvest times was endowed with different efficacy and usage due to the difference in the accumulation of bioactive components.
“茶枝柑”干燥成熟果皮（PCR），即茶枝柑皮，是一种传统中药，在临床应用中显示出不同采收时间具有不同用药特点。不同采收时间的PCR中生物活性成分的相应变化尚不清楚。因此，本研究采用广泛靶向代谢组学技术比较了不同生长阶段作为PCR原料的PCR果皮中生物活性成分的差异。结果共检测到210种黄酮类代谢物。12月采收的红色PCR中橙皮苷含量高于青皮（CRPV）及7 - 11月采收的微红PCR。此外，7 - 9月CRPV中川陈皮素、橘皮素和3,3',4',5,6,7,8 - 七甲氧基黄酮的含量高于其他时间采收的PCR。聚类分析和主成分分析结果表明，7 - 9月采收的CRPV与10 - 12月采收的微红PCR和红色PCR有明显的分组模式。六个比较组（A1 vs. A6、A1 vs. A2、A2 vs. A3、A3 vs. A4、A4 vs. A5、A5 vs. A6）中的差异代谢物分别为67、48、14、51、42和40种。四个比较组的共同差异代谢物为3',4',7 - 三羟基黄酮（A1 vs. A2、A2 vs. A3、A3 vs. A4、A4 vs. A5）。筛选出的所有黄酮类差异代谢物均富集在16条代谢途径中。此外，总抗氧化能力评价结果表明，8月的CRPV是生产抗氧化剂的适宜原料。通过分子对接发现，10月PCR中潜在抗SARS - CoV - 2成分的含量高于其他时期的PCR。这些结果进一步证明，不同采收时间的PCR由于生物活性成分积累的差异而具有不同的功效和用途。
