Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Taluka-Karad, Dist-Satara, Pin-415 539, Maharashtra, India.
Pharm Nanotechnol. 2023;11(2):180-193. doi: 10.2174/2211738511666221207153116.
The emergence of novel nanobiomedicine has transformed the management of various infectious as well as non-infectious diseases., a medicinal plant, revealed the presence of active secondary metabolites and biological potentials.
The present study was aimed to demonstrate the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using leaf extract (LE-AgNPs) and their biological properties, such as antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer potential.
The biosynthesized LE-AgNPs were characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The antibacterial activity was checked by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and zone of inhibition assays against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The anticancer potential of biogenic LE-AgNPs was checked by cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assay against human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells.
UV-visible spectroscopy confirmed the formation of silver nanoparticles by measuring the surface plasmon resonance peak of the colloidal solution at 410-440 nm. The results of SEM and TEM revealed the distribution and spherical shape of 20-50 nm sized AgNPs. XRD spectrum confirmed the characteristic peaks at the lattice planes 110, 111, 200, 220 and 311 of silver which confirmed the crystalline nature of biosynthesized LE-AgNPs. FTIR spectrum of plant extract and biogenic LE-AgNPs was recorded in between 1635-3320 cm which confirmed stretching vibrations of possible functional groups C=C and O-H, responsible for the reduction of silver ions to silver nanoparticles. The antioxidant potential of LE-AgNPs was evaluated using DPPH (IC = 26.51 ± 1.15 μg/mL) and ABTS radical assays (IC =74.33 ± 2.47 μg/mL). The potential antibacterial effects of LE-AgNPs confirmed that 92.38 ± 2.70% growth inhibition occurred in E. coli in response to 0.1mg/mL concentration of LE-AgNPs followed by (75.51 ± 0.76), (74.53 ± 1.26) and (67.4 ± 3.49). The cytotoxicity results interpreted that the biogenic silver nanoparticles exhibited strong dose and time dependent cytotoxicity effect against selected cancer cell lines where IC concentration of LE-AgNPs required to inhibit the growth of HeLa cells after 24 h exposure was 4.14 μg/mL and MCF7 cells 3.00 μg/mL, respectively. Significant DNA fragmentation was seen in the DNA extracted from HeLa and MCF-7 cells exposed to more than 2.5 to 10 μg/mL concentrations of LE-AgNPs.
The overall findings from the present investigation indicated that the AgNPs synthesized using exerted strong biological potentials such as antioxidant, antimicrobial and extensive cytotoxicity and genotoxicity activities.
新型纳米生物医学的出现改变了各种感染性和非感染性疾病的治疗方式。作为一种药用植物，[植物名称]表现出存在活性次生代谢物和生物潜力。
本研究旨在展示使用[植物名称]叶提取物（LE-AgNPs）合成银纳米粒子及其生物特性，如抗氧化、抗菌和抗癌潜力。
通过紫外-可见光谱、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、X 射线衍射和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析对生物合成的 LE-AgNPs 进行了表征。通过最小抑菌浓度（MIC）和抑菌圈试验检测了 LE-AgNPs 对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌的抗菌活性。通过细胞毒性和遗传毒性试验检测了生物合成的 LE-AgNPs 对人宫颈腺癌（HeLa）和人乳腺腺癌（MCF-7）细胞的抗癌潜力。
紫外-可见光谱通过测量胶体溶液在 410-440nm 处的表面等离子体共振峰，证实了银纳米粒子的形成。SEM 和 TEM 的结果显示了 20-50nm 大小的 AgNPs 的分布和球形。X 射线衍射光谱证实了晶格平面 110、111、200、220 和 311 的银的特征峰，证实了生物合成的 LE-AgNPs 的结晶性质。植物提取物和生物合成的 LE-AgNPs 的 FTIR 光谱记录在 1635-3320cm 之间，证实了可能的功能基团 C=C 和 O-H 的伸缩振动，负责将银离子还原为银纳米粒子。LE-AgNPs 的抗氧化潜力通过 DPPH（IC = 26.51 ± 1.15μg/mL）和 ABTS 自由基试验（IC = 74.33 ± 2.47μg/mL）进行评估。LE-AgNPs 的潜在抗菌作用证实，在 0.1mg/mL 浓度的 LE-AgNPs 作用下，大肠杆菌的生长抑制率为 92.38 ± 2.70%，其次是 （75.51 ± 0.76）、 （74.53 ± 1.26）和 （67.4 ± 3.49）。细胞毒性结果表明，生物合成的银纳米粒子对所选癌细胞系表现出强烈的剂量和时间依赖性细胞毒性作用，LE-AgNPs 的 IC 浓度需要抑制 HeLa 细胞 24 小时暴露后的生长，分别为 4.14μg/mL 和 MCF7 细胞 3.00μg/mL。在暴露于高于 2.5 至 10μg/mL 浓度的 LE-AgNPs 的 HeLa 和 MCF-7 细胞中提取的 DNA 中观察到明显的 DNA 片段化。
本研究的总体结果表明，使用[植物名称]合成的 AgNPs 具有强大的生物潜力，如抗氧化、抗菌和广泛的细胞毒性和遗传毒性活性。
