Mohd Salleh Sahimi Hajar, Norzan Mohd Hafiz, Nik Jaafar Nik Ruzyanei, Sharip Shalisah, Ashraf Ammar, Shanmugam Kamaleshini, Bistamam Nur Shahirah, Mohammad Arrif Najat Emir, Kumar Saathish, Midin Marhani
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Malaysia.
Department of Psychiatry, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Nov 24;13:956168. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.956168. eCollection 2022.
Smartphone usage has significantly increased in the last decade among young adults has significantly increased in the last decade. While its benefits are undeniable, its negative implications are increasingly emerging. Studies are needed to investigate the effects of excessive smartphone use on a young person's life. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of excessive smartphone use among medical students and its relations with social anxiety, self-esteem, and quality of life.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) in UKM Medical Center. A total of 273 students have consented to participate and completed self-reported questionnaires encompassing sociodemographic information, the Short Version Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-SV), the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS), the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES). Sociodemographic data, SIAS score, WHOQOL-BREF score and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale score were treated as independent variables. Smartphone addiction Scale score was treated as the dependent variable. Bivariate analysis was used to explore the relationship between independent and dependent variables using the Fisher exact test, Pearson Chi-Square and Pearson correlation coefficient. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the variables with a -value of < 0.05 from the Pearson correlation coefficient test.
The percentage of excessive smarphone use among UKM medical students is 48%. The bivariate analysis showed that excessive smartphone use has a small but significant positive correlation with social anxiety ( = 0.173, = 0.004) and negative correlations with physical health ( = -0.133, = 0.028), psychological wellbeing ( =-0.135, = 0.026), social relationships ( = -0.232, = 0.001), environment ( = -0.260, = 0.001) and self-esteem ( = -0.128, = 0.035). In the multiple regression analysis, a better environment predicted a reduced risk for smartphone addiction (β = -0.233, = 0.013).
Almost half of the students were found to have smartphone overdependence. Excessive smartphone use has shown a significant relationship with an increased risk for social anxiety, reduction in self-esteem, and quality of life among medical students. A closer look into the possible intervention is needed in the future to curb the negative effects arising from excessive smartphone use.
在过去十年中，年轻人使用智能手机的情况显著增加。虽然其好处不可否认，但其负面影响也日益显现。需要开展研究来调查过度使用智能手机对年轻人生活的影响。本研究旨在确定医学生中过度使用智能手机的患病率及其与社交焦虑、自尊和生活质量的关系。
在马来西亚国民大学（UKM）医学中心对医学生进行了一项横断面研究。共有273名学生同意参与并完成了自我报告问卷，问卷涵盖社会人口统计学信息、简短版智能手机成瘾量表（SAS-SV）、社交互动焦虑量表（SIAS）、世界卫生组织生活质量量表（WHOQOL-BREF）和罗森伯格自尊量表（RSES）。社会人口统计学数据、SIAS得分、WHOQOL-BREF得分和罗森伯格自尊量表得分被视为自变量。智能手机成瘾量表得分被视为因变量。使用费舍尔精确检验、皮尔逊卡方检验和皮尔逊相关系数进行双变量分析，以探讨自变量和因变量之间的关系。使用多元线性回归分析对皮尔逊相关系数检验中p值<0.05的变量进行分析。
UKM医学生中过度使用智能手机的比例为48%。双变量分析表明，过度使用智能手机与社交焦虑呈小但显著的正相关（r = 0.173，p = 0.004），与身体健康呈负相关（r = -0.133，p = 0.028）、心理健康（r = -0.135，p = 0.026）、社会关系（r = -0.232，p = 0.001）、环境（r = -0.260，p = 0.001）和自尊（r = -0.128，p = 0.035）。在多元回归分析中，更好的环境预示着智能手机成瘾风险降低（β = -0.233，p = 0.013）。
发现近一半的学生存在智能手机过度依赖。过度使用智能手机已显示出与医学生社交焦虑风险增加、自尊降低和生活质量下降存在显著关系。未来需要更深入地研究可能的干预措施，以遏制过度使用智能手机产生的负面影响。
