孕妇在经历“佛罗伦萨”飓风后，母体压力与头发皮质醇含量的关系。
Maternal stress and hair cortisol among pregnant women following hurricane Florence.
机构信息
Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA.
出版信息
Am J Hum Biol. 2023 Jan;35(1):e23847. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.23847. Epub 2022 Dec 12.
UNLABELLED
Natural disasters represent major stressors, resulting in psychological distress and physiological responses such as increased cortisol. During pregnancy, this impacts not only maternal well-being, but also fetal development. In 2018, Hurricane Florence caused extensive damage across the eastern United States. Studies indicated that compared to married pregnant women, unmarried pregnant women had higher risk of distress. Here we assess hair cortisol among a subsample of participants, and variations based on marital status.
METHODS
We analyzed multiple stress measures among 37 participants who were pregnant during Hurricane Florence. We used questionnaires modeled on previous studies to assess hardship associated with the hurricane, psychological distress, sociodemographic characteristics, social support, and food security. We analyzed cortisol concentrations in proximal and distal hair sections, representing stress around the time of the disaster (distal) and 3-4 months following the disaster (proximal). We used linear regression to test relationships between hair cortisol and self-report stress measures, and variations based on marital status.
RESULTS
Self-report measures of distress and hardship were similar among married and unmarried participants. Mean cortisol levels in distal and proximal sections were higher among unmarried participants. Controlling for confounding variables, hardship was not associated with hair cortisol. Distress predicted cortisol in distal sections (β = .482, p = .018), with a trend for proximal sections (β = .368, p = .055). Marital status was a significant predictor of distal (β = .388, p = .027) and proximal (β = .333, p = .047) hair cortisol, explaining 8.6%-11.7% of unique variance.
CONCLUSIONS
Preexisting and intersecting risk factors likely place unmarried pregnant individuals at risk of stress during and following a disaster.
未加标签
自然灾害是主要的应激源，会导致心理困扰和生理反应，如皮质醇增加。在怀孕期间，这不仅会影响母亲的健康，还会影响胎儿的发育。2018 年，佛罗伦萨飓风对美国东部造成了广泛的破坏。研究表明，与已婚孕妇相比，未婚孕妇的焦虑风险更高。在这里，我们评估了佛罗伦萨飓风期间的一组参与者的头发皮质醇水平，并根据婚姻状况评估了其变化。
方法
我们分析了 37 名在佛罗伦萨飓风期间怀孕的参与者的多项应激指标。我们使用了以前研究中使用的问卷来评估与飓风相关的困难、心理困扰、社会人口统计学特征、社会支持和粮食安全。我们分析了近端和远端头发部分的皮质醇浓度，代表灾难发生时（远端）和灾难发生后 3-4 个月（近端）的压力。我们使用线性回归来检验头发皮质醇与自我报告应激指标之间的关系，并根据婚姻状况评估了其变化。
结果
已婚和未婚参与者的自我报告困扰和困难程度相似。未婚参与者的远端和近端皮质醇水平均较高。在控制混杂变量后，困难与头发皮质醇无关。困扰预测了远端皮质醇（β=0.482，p=0.018），近端皮质醇也有趋势（β=0.368，p=0.055）。婚姻状况是远端（β=0.388，p=0.027）和近端（β=0.333，p=0.047）皮质醇的显著预测因素，解释了 8.6%-11.7%的独特方差。
结论
预先存在的和相互交织的风险因素可能使未婚孕妇在灾难期间和之后面临压力的风险。
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