Institute on Aging & Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, Suite 210, 4907 Chisholm Street, Delta, BC, V4K 2K6, Canada.
Institute on Aging & Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, R Hut, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC, V8W 2Y2, Canada.
Can J Public Health. 2023 Jun;114(3):507-520. doi: 10.17269/s41997-022-00717-6. Epub 2022 Dec 12.
A 90-day intervention employed peer coaching, with and without home-based electronic devices connected to an app, to assess effectiveness in enhancing self-reported health outcomes of older adults.
Does peer coaching aid older adults to better manage their chronic health conditions, and is the coaching further enhanced by home-based electronic devices?
The study employed a pre-post intervention randomized controlled trial design with three groups: control (no coach, no devices), coach only, and coach + devices. Participants were 163 adults living in British Columbia, Canada, aged 65 to 98 years, with one or more chronic health conditions and access to a computer and Wi-Fi. Responses on five questionnaires assessed health outcomes pre- and post-intervention: Self-Efficacy Scale, PHQ-9, Medical Care, Patient Activation Measure and the RAND 36-Item Health Survey 1.0 Questionnaire.
Compared with the control group (no coach, no devices), participants with a coach reported decreased depression, higher activation levels and energy levels, and better handling of role limitations due to physical health, social functioning, and communication with their physician. Participants with coaches and devices showed similar improvements on these measures with further decreases in depression severity as well as improved self-efficacy, better handling of role limitations due to emotional problems, higher level of emotional well-being and general health ratings, and lower pain.
Peer coaches alone and in combination with assistive devices demonstrated several positive outcomes for older persons with chronic conditions that lasted at least 90 days. The program can enhance effectiveness of care provided by general practitioners.
为期 90 天的干预措施采用同伴指导，辅以或不辅以连接应用程序的家庭电子设备，以评估其对增强老年人自我报告健康结果的有效性。
同伴指导是否有助于老年人更好地管理其慢性健康状况，并且家庭电子设备是否进一步增强了指导效果？
本研究采用了预-后干预随机对照试验设计，分为三组：对照组（无教练，无设备）、教练组和教练+设备组。参与者为 163 名居住在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的成年人，年龄在 65 岁至 98 岁之间，患有一种或多种慢性健康状况，并可使用计算机和 Wi-Fi。在干预前后，参与者使用五份问卷回答了健康结果问题：自我效能感量表、PHQ-9、医疗保健、患者激活量表和 RAND 36-Item 健康调查 1.0 问卷。
与对照组（无教练，无设备）相比，有教练的参与者报告抑郁症状减轻、激活水平和精力水平提高，以及身体状况、社会功能和与医生沟通导致的角色限制处理能力提高。有教练和设备的参与者在这些措施上也表现出类似的改善，抑郁严重程度进一步降低，自我效能感提高，情绪问题导致的角色限制处理能力提高，情绪健康和总体健康评分提高，疼痛减轻。
单独使用同伴指导以及与辅助设备结合使用，对至少持续 90 天的患有慢性疾病的老年人产生了多种积极结果。该计划可以增强普通医生提供的护理效果。
