Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2023;91(3):961-976. doi: 10.3233/JAD-220861.
Biological biomarkers yielded from positron emission tomography (PET) brain scans serve as a pathway to understanding Alzheimer's disease pathology. PET brain scan data remain limited for populations traditionally under-included in aging research.
The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine participant-identified barriers to PET brain scan consent and characterize participant-informed elements of educational materials needed to facilitate PET brain scan participation among older Black and Latino adults.
Participants (N = 31) were older adults (mean age = 71 years) who self-identified as either non-Latino Black (n = 15) or Latino (n = 16). Each participant took part in a one-time, in-depth individual interview. Researchers analyzed data guided by a Grounded Theory Approach with both Open Coding and Constant Comparative Coding.
Four overarching themes emerged across all participants: 1) knowledge limitations; 2) requirements for consent; 3) motivators for participation; and 4) social networks. Within the four themes, there were differences based on participant ethnoracial group. For example, for Theme Three, older Black adults indicated that they would expect compensation for PET brain scan participation. Conversely, older Latinos stated that they would appreciate, but not anticipate, a financial incentive. All participants stressed the importance of written educational materials with subsequent verbal discussions with studystaff.
Findings inform the development and implementation of scientifically-relevant and culturally-cognizant engagement approaches, educational materials, and recruitment strategies to increase PET brain scan participation by diverse older adults.
正电子发射断层扫描（PET）脑部扫描产生的生物标志物可作为了解阿尔茨海默病病理的途径。PET 脑部扫描数据仍然局限于传统上在衰老研究中代表性不足的人群。
本定性研究的目的是检查参与者确定的 PET 脑部扫描同意障碍，并描述参与者确定的教育材料要素，以促进老年黑人和拉丁裔成年人参与 PET 脑部扫描。
参与者（N=31）是年龄较大的成年人（平均年龄为 71 岁），自我认同为非拉丁裔黑人（n=15）或拉丁裔（n=16）。每位参与者都参加了一次深度的个人访谈。研究人员在扎根理论方法的指导下，通过开放式编码和恒定性比较编码对数据进行分析。
所有参与者都出现了四个总体主题：1）知识限制；2）同意的要求；3）参与的动机；4）社交网络。在这四个主题中，根据参与者的种族群体存在差异。例如，对于主题三，年长的黑人成年人表示，他们希望因参与 PET 脑部扫描而获得补偿。相反，年长的拉丁裔人表示，他们会欣赏，但不会期望获得经济奖励。所有参与者都强调了书面教育材料的重要性，并随后与研究人员进行了口头讨论。
研究结果为制定和实施与科学相关且具有文化意识的参与方法、教育材料和招募策略提供了信息，以增加不同的老年成年人参与 PET 脑部扫描。
