Beatriz Arce López, Nolwenn Hymery
Université de Bretagne Occidentale - (Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, LUBEM) (UBO) France.
EFSA J. 2022 Dec 14;20(Suppl 2):e200907. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200907. eCollection 2022 Dec.
Among the potential contaminants, mycotoxins are of particular concern due to the importance in terms of food and feed safety. The difficulty in establishing a diagnosis for mycotoxicosis relies in the fact that the effects are subclinical, and that multicontamination by various toxins is the most common scenario. The co-occurrence of these mycotoxins raises questions concerning both food safety and regulation. However, there is still limited knowledge on toxicity data on co-exposure. The current technical report will describe the activities performed by the fellow in the LUBEM-Brest University (France). In this context, the work programme offered by the hosting site consisted toxicological approaches to evaluate the toxicity of mycotoxin mixtures. The aim of this project was to assess human risk to the exposure of two main regulated mycotoxins (ochratoxin A and fumonisin B1) using different innovative cellular models (2D and 3D spheroids). In this framework, these mycotoxins were tested individually and as a combination on intestinal and hepatic cell lines alone or in co-cultures. Overall, our results show the outstanding potential of using more predictive and realistic approaches for the risk assessment (RA) of mycotoxins. It is of high importance to pursue further toxicological characterisations and exposure evaluations for mycotoxins, in order to determine a more detailed RA. This will serve as a reference to understand multicontamination mechanism of mycotoxins at the cell level and help authority to revise regulation.
在潜在污染物中，霉菌毒素因其对食品和饲料安全的重要性而备受关注。诊断霉菌毒素中毒的困难在于其影响多为亚临床症状，且多种毒素共同污染是最常见的情况。这些霉菌毒素的同时存在引发了食品安全和监管方面的问题。然而，关于共同暴露的毒性数据的了解仍然有限。本技术报告将描述该研究员在法国布雷斯特大学LUBEM所开展的活动。在此背景下，主办机构提供的工作计划包括评估霉菌毒素混合物毒性的毒理学方法。该项目的目的是使用不同的创新细胞模型（二维和三维球体）评估人体暴露于两种主要受监管霉菌毒素（赭曲霉毒素A和伏马菌素B1）的风险。在此框架下，这些霉菌毒素单独或组合在肠道和肝细胞系上进行测试，单独培养或共培养。总体而言，我们的结果显示了使用更具预测性和现实性的方法进行霉菌毒素风险评估（RA）的巨大潜力。为了确定更详细的风险评估，进一步开展霉菌毒素的毒理学表征和暴露评估非常重要。这将作为参考，以了解细胞水平上霉菌毒素的多污染机制，并帮助当局修订法规。
