Maltari Riku, Kontro Jussi, Koivu Klaus, Farooq Muhammad, Mikkilä Joona, Zhang Rui, Hildén Kristiina, Sipilä Jussi, Nousiainen Paula A
Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, A. I. Virtasen Aukio 1, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, Viikinkaari 9, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
ACS Appl Polym Mater. 2022 Dec 9;4(12):9388-9398. doi: 10.1021/acsapm.2c01665. Epub 2022 Nov 24.
Lignocellulosic biorefineries produce lignin-rich side streams with high valorization potential concealed behind their recalcitrant structure. Valorization of these residues to chemicals, materials, and fuels increases the profitability of biorefineries. Fractionation is required to reduce the lignins' structural heterogeneity for further processing. We fractionated the technical biorefinery lignin received after steam explosion and saccharification processes. More homogeneous lignin fractions were produced with high β-O-4' and aromatic content without residual carbohydrates. Non-toxic biodegradable organic solvents like ethanol and formic acid were used for fractionation and can be adapted to the existing biorefinery processes. Macromolecular properties of the isolated fractions were carefully characterized by structural, chemical, and thermal methods. The ethanol organosolv treatment produced highly soluble lignin with a reasonable yield, providing a uniform material for lignin applications. The organosolv fractionation with formic acid and combined ethanol-formic acid produced modified lignins that, based on thermal analysis, are promising as thermoresponsive materials.
木质纤维素生物精炼厂会产生富含木质素的侧流产物，其顽固的结构背后隐藏着很高的增值潜力。将这些残渣转化为化学品、材料和燃料可提高生物精炼厂的盈利能力。为了进一步加工，需要进行分级分离以降低木质素的结构异质性。我们对蒸汽爆破和糖化过程后得到的工业生物精炼木质素进行了分级分离。得到了更均匀的木质素级分，其具有高β-O-4'含量和芳香族含量，且无残留碳水化合物。使用乙醇和甲酸等无毒可生物降解的有机溶剂进行分级分离，并且这些溶剂可适用于现有的生物精炼工艺。通过结构、化学和热学方法仔细表征了分离出的级分的大分子性质。乙醇有机溶剂处理产生了具有合理产率的高溶解性木质素，为木质素应用提供了一种均匀的材料。用甲酸以及乙醇-甲酸组合进行的有机溶剂分级分离产生了改性木质素，基于热分析，这些改性木质素有望作为热响应材料。
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