Peng Sanying, Fang Yuan, Othman Ahmad Tajuddin, Liang Jinghong
Department of Physical Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, China.
School of Educational Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
Front Psychol. 2022 Nov 30;13:940977. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.940977. eCollection 2022.
No consensus on whether physical activity (PA) is related to physical and mental health among pediatric population remains has been reached to date. To further explore their association, our study assessed the effect of PA on physical and mental health of children and adolescents through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies (RCTs).
Several databases(Web of science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central register of controlled trials, CINAHL) were searched from inception to 1st, December 2020 without language restrictions.
38,236 records were identified primitively and 31 included studies with 1,255 participants eventually met our inclusion criteria, all of which exhibited a relatively low-moderate risk of bias of overall quality. In regard to mental health, the administration of PA, compared with the control group, led to moderate improvements in Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD)[Standard mean difference (SMD) = -0.50, Confidence interval(CI): -0.87, -0.14)] and depression(SMD = -0.68, CI: -0.98, -0.38) among children and adolescents. Similarly, significant result was observed in obesity (SMD = -0.58, CI: -0.80, -0.36). No significant differences were observed in Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (SMD = -0.29, CI: -0.59, 0.01).
Altogether, PA may have a beneficial effect on children and adolescents with ASD, depression and obesity; nevertheless, there is insufficient evidence to confirm its efficacy in ADHD. More large-scale population based randomized controlled trials are needed to explore more reliable evidence between them.
迄今为止，关于体育活动（PA）与儿童群体身心健康之间是否存在关联尚未达成共识。为了进一步探究它们之间的关联，我们的研究通过对随机对照试验（RCT）进行系统综述和荟萃分析，评估了体育活动对儿童和青少年身心健康的影响。
检索了多个数据库（科学网、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane对照试验中央注册库、CINAHL），检索时间从建库至2020年12月1日，无语言限制。
初步识别出38236条记录，最终有31项纳入研究，共1255名参与者符合我们的纳入标准，所有这些研究整体质量的偏倚风险均相对为中低水平。在心理健康方面，与对照组相比，进行体育活动使儿童和青少年的自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）[标准均差（SMD）=-0.50，置信区间（CI）：-0.87，-0.14]和抑郁症（SMD=-0.68，CI：-0.98，-0.38）得到适度改善。同样，在肥胖方面也观察到显著结果（SMD=-0.58，CI：-0.80，-0.36）。在注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）方面未观察到显著差异（SMD=-0.29，CI：-0.59，0.01）。
总体而言，体育活动可能对患有ASD、抑郁症和肥胖症的儿童和青少年有益；然而，尚无足够证据证实其对ADHD的疗效。需要更多基于大规模人群的随机对照试验来探索它们之间更可靠的证据。
