当代先天性心脏病患儿的口腔健康状况与牙齿异常

Oral health status and dental anomalies among children with congenital heart disease in contemporary times.

作者信息

Sethi Megha, Sood Shveta, Sharma Naresh, Singh Akshara, Sharma Pooja, Kukshal Prachi

机构信息

Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manav Rachna Dental College, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MRIIRS, Delhi-Surajkund Badhkal Road, Faridabad, Haryana, India.

Department of Public Health, Sri Sathya Sai Sanjeevani International Center for Child Heart Care and Research, Palwal, Haryana, India.

出版信息

Spec Care Dentist. 2025 May-Jun;45(3):e12815. doi: 10.1111/scd.12815. Epub 2022 Dec 21.

DOI:10.1111/scd.12815

PMID:36543749

Abstract

AIMS

The aim of the study was to assess the oral health, hygiene status, and prevalence of dental anomalies in children suffering from congenital heart disease (CHD).

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The study was conducted on 300 children, aged 2-16 years, diagnosed with CHD.

RESULTS

Overall, the oral health status of the children with CHD was found to be poor in this study. The prevalence of caries was found to be 56.7%. It was significantly higher in children with acyanotic CHD compared to cyanotic CHD. Mean DMFT was 0.6 ± 1.6. Mean Debris index was 0.8 ± 0.9. Mean calculus index was 0.3 ± 0.6. The prevalence of dental anomalies was 9%. Most common anomaly was enamel opacities/hypoplasia (8.0%) followed by hypodonita (0.7%) and fusion (0.3%). The mean dmft score and Calculus Index were found to be significantly higher in cyanotic CHD group compared to acyanotic CHD group. Prevalence of caries, Debris Index, Calculus Index, and Oral Health Index were found to be increasing with increasing age (> 5 vs. < 5 years).

CONCLUSION

Overall, the oral health status of the children with CHD was found to be poor in this study.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在评估先天性心脏病（CHD）患儿的口腔健康、卫生状况及牙齿异常的患病率。

材料与方法

本研究对300名年龄在2至16岁、被诊断患有CHD的儿童进行。

结果

总体而言，本研究发现CHD患儿的口腔健康状况较差。龋齿患病率为56.7%。与青紫型CHD患儿相比，非青紫型CHD患儿的龋齿患病率显著更高。平均DMFT为0.6±1.6。平均软垢指数为0.8±0.9。平均牙石指数为0.3±0.6。牙齿异常的患病率为9%。最常见的异常是釉质混浊/发育不全（8.0%），其次是牙齿发育不全（0.7%）和融合牙（0.3%）。与非青紫型CHD组相比，青紫型CHD组的平均dmft评分和牙石指数显著更高。龋齿患病率、软垢指数、牙石指数和口腔健康指数均随着年龄增长（>5岁与<5岁）而增加。