Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Climate and Sustainability Group, Aramco Research Center-Detroit, Aramco Americas, Novi, MI, USA.
Nat Commun. 2022 Dec 21;13(1):7853. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-35392-1.
A pressing challenge facing the aviation industry is to aggressively reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the face of increasing demand for aviation fuels. Climate goals such as carbon-neutral growth from 2020 onwards require continuous improvements in technology, operations, infrastructure, and most importantly, reductions in aviation fuel life cycle emissions. The Carbon Offsetting Scheme for International Aviation of the International Civil Aviation Organization provides a global market-based measure to group all possible emissions reduction measures into a joint program. Using a bottom-up, engineering-based modeling approach, this study provides the first estimates of life cycle greenhouse gas emissions from petroleum jet fuel on regional and global scales. Here we show that not all petroleum jet fuels are the same as the country-level life cycle emissions of petroleum jet fuels range from 81.1 to 94.8 gCOe MJ, with a global volume-weighted average of 88.7 gCOe MJ. These findings provide a high-resolution baseline against which sustainable aviation fuel and other emissions reduction opportunities can be prioritized to achieve greater emissions reductions faster.
航空业面临的紧迫挑战是，在航空燃料需求不断增加的情况下，积极减少温室气体排放。从 2020 年起实现碳中和增长等气候目标，需要不断改进技术、运营、基础设施，最重要的是，减少航空燃料生命周期排放。国际民用航空组织的国际航空碳抵消和减排计划为所有可能的减排措施提供了一个全球性的基于市场的措施，将其纳入一个联合计划。本研究采用自下而上的基于工程的建模方法，首次对石油喷气燃料在区域和全球范围内的生命周期温室气体排放进行了估算。研究表明，并非所有石油喷气燃料都是相同的，因为石油喷气燃料的国家层面生命周期排放量在 81.1 至 94.8 gCOe MJ 之间，全球体积加权平均值为 88.7 gCOe MJ。这些发现提供了一个高分辨率的基准，可持续航空燃料和其他减排机会可以据此进行优先排序，以更快地实现更大的减排。
