Hollerbach Brittany S, Haddock Christopher K, Kukić Filip, Poston Walker S C, Jitnarin Nattinee, Jahnke Sara A, DeBlauw Justin A, Heinrich Katie M
NDRI-USA, Inc., 1920 W 143rd Street, Suite 120, Leawood, KS 66224, USA.
Police Sports Education Centre, Abu Dhabi Police, Karama Street, Al Manhal W14-02, Abu Dhabi 253, United Arab Emirates.
Biology (Basel). 2022 Dec 9;11(12):1789. doi: 10.3390/biology11121789.
Increasing obesity rates among USA military members vary by age, pay grade, and measurement methods and threaten force fitness and readiness. Limited research has directly measured obesity among officers; those enrolled in graduate school at the Command and General Staff College (CGSC) face additional demands and increased obesity risk. This study compared obesity measurements and performance on the Army Physical Fitness test and self-rated health for a sample of mostly CGSC officers. Participants ( = 136, 75.7% male, 79.6% officers) completed body composition measures; BMI, body fat percentage (BF%), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) estimated obesity rates and were compared for discordance. Army Physical Fitness Test pass/fail rates and self-reported perceived health were compared with each obesity classification. Obesity prevalence was 18.5-39.7%, differing by sex and measure. BMI, WC, and WHtR underestimated obesity compared to BF% at least 21% of the time. WHtR had the lowest discordance with BF%. Soldiers categorized as obese were significantly more likely to fail the fitness test and report lower self-rated health than non-obese soldiers. Overall, obesity rates among our primarily officer sample were higher than previous studies, particularly for women. Interventions to address obesity are necessary among military officers to optimize human performance.
美国军事人员中不断上升的肥胖率因年龄、军衔和测量方法而异，对部队的健康和战备状态构成威胁。针对军官肥胖情况的直接研究有限；那些进入指挥与参谋学院（CGSC）攻读研究生的人员面临更多要求，肥胖风险也更高。本研究比较了以CGSC军官为主的样本在陆军体能测试中的肥胖测量结果和表现，以及自我评估的健康状况。参与者（n = 136，75.7%为男性，79.6%为军官）完成了身体成分测量；体重指数（BMI）、体脂百分比（BF%）、腰围（WC）和腰高比（WHtR）用于估计肥胖率，并对不一致性进行比较。将陆军体能测试的及格/不及格率以及自我报告的感知健康状况与每种肥胖分类进行比较。肥胖患病率为18.5 - 39.7%，因性别和测量方法而异。与BF%相比，BMI、WC和WHtR至少有21%的时间低估了肥胖情况。WHtR与BF%的不一致性最低。被归类为肥胖的士兵比非肥胖士兵体能测试不及格的可能性显著更高，且自我评估的健康状况更低。总体而言，我们主要由军官组成的样本中的肥胖率高于先前的研究，尤其是女性。有必要对军官采取干预措施来解决肥胖问题，以优化人员表现。
