Chen Yao, Sun Yingshuang, Liu Zhiyun, Hu Donglin
School of Physical Education and Educational Science, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China.
College of Physical Education, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421008, China.
Children (Basel). 2022 Dec 6;9(12):1910. doi: 10.3390/children9121910.
This study aims to validate previous structural models of factors influencing dietary behavior changes and construct the knowledge, attitude, and behavioral models of youth school football players.
279 school football players aged 12-17 years in Grades 7-12 in Hunan Province, China, completed a questionnaire to collect data on sports nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. A structural equation model (SEM) was built based on the knowledge-attitude-behavior (KAB) model and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) model to introduce nutritional knowledge directly or by altering attitudes into the dietary behavior path of players. Four factors affecting dietary behaviors were involved in the hypothetical structure, which consists of the following hypotheses: (1) nutrition knowledge affects the attitude towards sports nutrition (H1); (2) nutrition knowledge affects dietary behaviors (H2); (3) nutrition knowledge affects subjective norms (H3); (4) nutrition knowledge affects perceived behavioral control (H4); (5) subjective norms affect dietary behaviors (H5); and 6) perceived behavioral control affects dietary behaviors (H6).
Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed that the reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the built SEM conformed to the measured relationships in each dimension. In the final structural model, it was found that nutrition knowledge had a direct impact on the attitudes of players and affected their dietary behaviors in a direct manner or through their subjective norms and perceived behavioral control.
The results are in agreement with the TPB-based KAB chain and support the KAB theory for youth school football players in Hunan Province, China.
本研究旨在验证先前关于影响饮食行为变化因素的结构模型，并构建青少年学校足球运动员的知识、态度和行为模型。
选取中国湖南省7 - 12年级的279名12 - 17岁的学校足球运动员，完成一份问卷以收集有关运动营养知识、态度和行为的数据。基于知识 - 态度 - 行为（KAB）模型和计划行为理论（TPB）模型构建结构方程模型（SEM），将营养知识直接或通过改变态度引入运动员的饮食行为路径。假设结构中涉及影响饮食行为的四个因素，包括以下假设：（1）营养知识影响对运动营养的态度（H1）；（2）营养知识影响饮食行为（H2）；（3）营养知识影响主观规范（H3）；（4）营养知识影响感知行为控制（H4）；（5）主观规范影响饮食行为（H5）；以及（6）感知行为控制影响饮食行为（H6）。
验证性因素分析（CFA）表明，所构建的SEM的信度、收敛效度和区分效度符合各维度的测量关系。在最终的结构模型中发现，营养知识对运动员的态度有直接影响，并直接或通过他们的主观规范和感知行为控制影响他们的饮食行为。
结果与基于TPB的KAB链一致，并支持中国湖南省青少年学校足球运动员的KAB理论。
