Department of Biology, NIH-RCMI Center for Health Disparities Research, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
Department of Behavioral and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Dec 9;19(24):16552. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416552.
The COVID-19 pandemic has created a severe upheaval in the U.S., with a particular burden on the state of Mississippi, which already has an exhausted healthcare burden. The main objectives of this study are: (1) to analyze the county-level COVID-19 cases, deaths, and vaccine distribution and (2) to determine the correlation between various social determinants of health (SDOH) and COVID-19 vaccination coverage. We analyzed COVID-19-associated data and county-level SDOH factors in 82 counties of Mississippi. The cumulative COVID-19 and socio-demographic data variables were grouped into feature and target variables. The statistical and exploratory data analysis (EDA) was conducted using Python 3.8.5. The correlation between the target and feature variables was performed by Pearson Correlation analysis. The heat Map Correlation Matrix was visually presented to illustrate the correlation between each pair of features and each target variable. Results indicated that people of Asian descent had the highest vaccination coverage of 77% fully vaccinated compared to 52%, 46%, 42% and 25% for African Americans, Whites, Hispanics, and American Indians/Alaska Natives, respectively. The county-level vaccination rate was significantly higher among the minority populations than the White population. It was observed that COVID-19 cases and deaths were positively correlated with per capita income and negatively correlated with the percentage of persons without a high school diploma (age 25+). This study strongly demonstrates that different SDOH factors influence the outcome of the COVID-19 vaccination rate, which also affects the total number of COVID-19 cases and deaths. Vaccine promotion should be given to all populations regardless of race and ethnicity to achieve uniform acceptance. Therefore, statewide policy recommendations focusing on specific community needs should help achieve health equity in COVID-19 vaccination management.
新冠疫情给美国带来了严重的冲击，密西西比州尤其负担沉重，因为该州的医疗保健体系已经不堪重负。本研究的主要目的是：（1）分析县一级的新冠病例、死亡和疫苗接种情况；（2）确定各种健康社会决定因素（SDOH）与新冠疫苗接种率之间的相关性。我们分析了密西西比州 82 个县的新冠相关数据和县级 SDOH 因素。将与新冠相关的累积数据和社会人口统计数据变量分为特征变量和目标变量。使用 Python 3.8.5 进行统计和探索性数据分析（EDA）。通过 Pearson 相关分析对目标变量和特征变量之间的相关性进行分析。使用热图相关矩阵直观地展示了各特征变量与各目标变量之间的相关性。结果表明，亚裔人群的疫苗接种率最高，完全接种疫苗的比例为 77%，而非洲裔美国人、白人、西班牙裔和美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民的比例分别为 52%、46%、42%和 25%。少数民族群体的县一级疫苗接种率明显高于白人。观察到新冠病例和死亡与人均收入呈正相关，与 25 岁及以上无高中文凭人口的比例呈负相关。本研究有力地证明了不同的 SDOH 因素影响新冠疫苗接种率的结果，而这又会影响新冠病例和死亡的总数。无论种族和民族如何，都应该向所有人群推广疫苗，以实现普遍接受。因此，应该关注特定社区需求的全州政策建议，以帮助实现新冠疫苗接种管理方面的健康公平。
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