Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China.
Key Laboratory of Taihu Basin Water Resources Research and Management of Ministry of Water Resources, Nanjing 210029, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Dec 9;19(24):16545. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416545.
The evaluation index system of urban aquatic ecosystem health is of great significance for the assessment and management of urban river networks, and for urban development planning. In this paper, the concept of urban aquatic ecosystem health was analyzed by the relationship between human, city and aquatic ecosystem, and its evaluation index system was established from environmental conditions, ecological construction, and social service. In addition, the weight value of each index was calculated by the analytic hierarchy process, and the grading standard of each index was set. Jiading New City, a typical city of the river network plain area in Yangtze River delta, was selected as the aquatic ecosystem health evaluation sample. The fuzzy comprehensive method was used to evaluate the aquatic ecosystem health of Jiading New City. The results indicated that the water ecosystem health of Jiading New City reached the "good" level. For the criterion level, environmental conditions and ecological construction reached the "good" level, and social services reached the "excellent" level. For the indicator level, most indicators reached "good" and "excellent" levels, but the river complexity and benthic macroinvertebrate diversity are still in the "poor" state, which indicates that the aquatic environment has greatly improved, but the aquatic ecosystem has not been fully restored. Results suggested that river complexity and biodiversity should be increased in urban construction planning. The evaluation index system established in this paper can be used to reflect the urban aquatic ecosystem health conditions in river network plain areas.
城市水生态系统健康评价指标体系对于城市河网的评估和管理，以及城市发展规划具有重要意义。本文通过人与城市和水生态系统的关系分析了城市水生态系统健康的概念，并从环境条件、生态建设和社会服务三个方面建立了其评价指标体系。此外，通过层次分析法计算了各指标的权重值，并设定了各指标的分级标准。选择长江三角洲河网平原地区的典型城市嘉定新城作为水生态系统健康评价样本。采用模糊综合评价法对嘉定新城的水生态系统健康状况进行了评价。结果表明，嘉定新城水生态系统健康达到“良好”水平。在准则层，环境条件和生态建设达到“良好”水平，社会服务达到“优秀”水平。在指标层，大多数指标达到“良好”和“优秀”水平，但河流复杂性和底栖大型无脊椎动物多样性仍处于“较差”状态，这表明水生态环境得到了极大改善，但水生态系统尚未完全恢复。结果表明，在城市建设规划中应增加河流复杂性和生物多样性。本文建立的评价指标体系可用于反映河网平原地区城市水生态系统健康状况。
