Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Sección Departamental de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Food Bioscience Group, Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Dec 17;19(24):16969. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416969.
The aim of the present study was to validate the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and preventive potential against benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)-induced DNA damage of nine samples of thyme and chestnut honeys enriched with bee products (royal jelly and propolis, 2-10%). Cell viability was determined by the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay (0-250 mg/mL) to select nontoxic concentrations, and DNA damage (0.1-10 μg/mL) was evaluated by the alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis or comet assay. Treatment with honey samples or royal jelly and propolis did not affect the viability of HepG2 cells up to 100 and 50 mg/mL, respectively. Treatment with 100 μM BaP significantly increased ( ≤ 0.001) the levels of the DNA strand breaks. None of the tested concentrations (0.1-10 μg/mL) of the honey samples (thyme and chestnut), royal jelly, and propolis caused DNA damage . All tested samples at all the concentrations used decreased the genotoxic effect of BaP. In addition, all mixtures of thyme or chestnut honeys with royal jelly or propolis showed a greater protective effect against BaP than the samples alone, being the thyme and chestnut honey samples enriched with 10% royal jelly and 10% propolis the most effective (70.4% and 69.4%, respectively). The observed protective effect may be associated with the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of the studied samples. In conclusion, the thyme and chestnut honey samples enriched with bee products present potential as natural chemoprotective agents against the chemical carcinogen BaP.
本研究的目的是验证 9 种富含蜂产品（蜂王浆和蜂胶，2-10%）的百里香和栗子蜂蜜的细胞毒性、遗传毒性和预防苯并（a）芘（BaP）诱导的 DNA 损伤的潜力。通过 MTT [3-（4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基）-2,5-二苯基四唑溴盐]测定法（0-250mg/mL）测定细胞活力，以选择无毒浓度，并用碱性单细胞凝胶电泳或彗星试验评估 DNA 损伤（0.1-10μg/mL）。蜂蜜样品或蜂王浆和蜂胶的处理分别在高达 100 和 50mg/mL 时不影响 HepG2 细胞的活力。100μM BaP 的处理显着增加（≤0.001）DNA 链断裂的水平。测试浓度（0.1-10μg/mL）的蜂蜜样品（百里香和栗子）、蜂王浆和蜂胶均未引起 DNA 损伤。所有测试样品在使用的所有浓度下均降低了 BaP 的遗传毒性作用。此外，百里香或栗子蜂蜜与蜂王浆或蜂胶的所有混合物对 BaP 的保护作用均大于单独的样品，其中 10%蜂王浆和 10%蜂胶强化的百里香和栗子蜂蜜样品的效果最佳（分别为 70.4%和 69.4%）。观察到的保护作用可能与研究样品的酚类含量和抗氧化能力有关。总之，富含蜂产品的百里香和栗子蜂蜜样品具有作为天然化学保护剂对抗化学致癌物 BaP 的潜力。
