Community Care, Unnan City Hospital, Unnan 699-1221, Japan.
Department of Community Medicine Management, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 690-0823, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Dec 18;19(24):17004. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192417004.
Help-seeking behaviors (HSBs) refer to approaches taken by individuals towards their health and symptoms, and they are supported by healthcare professionals. Outreach interventions aimed at older people in rural communities can mitigate difficulties in implementing HSBs and help them remain healthy. This systematic review investigated evidence regarding family medicine-involved outreach aimed at HSBs among older individuals in rural areas. We searched three databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science) for international and original interventional articles regarding family physicians involved in outreach to older people in rural or underserved areas between April 2000 and October 2022. The articles were analyzed and summarized based on the setting, country, health issues, and outreach outcomes. Of the 376 studies identified, four were included in this review. Our findings showed that family physician-involved outreach to rural and underserved areas improved health outcomes, including anxiety, subjective physical function, and diabetic care. The challenges of outreach interventions include the duration and continuity of outreach, the active participation of family physicians and patients in the outreach programs, and the focus of outreach participants. Although the number of studies included was small, family physician-involved outreach to rural and underserved areas was shown to improve various health outcomes.
求助行为是指个人针对自身健康和症状所采取的方法，并得到医疗保健专业人员的支持。针对农村社区老年人的外展干预措施可以减轻实施求助行为的困难，并帮助他们保持健康。本系统评价调查了有关家庭医生参与农村地区老年人求助行为的外展干预的证据。我们在 2000 年 4 月至 2022 年 10 月期间，在三个数据库（PubMed、EMBASE 和 Web of Science）中搜索了有关家庭医生参与农村或服务不足地区老年人外展的国际和原始干预性文章。根据设置、国家、健康问题和外展结果对这些文章进行了分析和总结。在确定的 376 项研究中，有 4 项纳入了本综述。我们的研究结果表明，家庭医生参与农村和服务不足地区的外展工作改善了健康结果，包括焦虑、主观身体功能和糖尿病护理。外展干预的挑战包括外展的持续时间和连续性、家庭医生和患者对外展计划的积极参与以及外展参与者的重点。尽管纳入的研究数量较少，但家庭医生参与农村和服务不足地区的外展工作确实改善了各种健康结果。
