Zhao Yang, Duan Liang, Liu Xiang, Song Yonghui
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
Membranes (Basel). 2022 Dec 12;12(12):1254. doi: 10.3390/membranes12121254.
As a new membrane technology, forward osmosis (FO) has aroused more and more interest in the field of wastewater treatment and recovery in recent years. Due to the driving force of osmotic pressure rather than hydraulic pressure, FO is considered as a low pollution process, thus saving costs and energy. In addition, due to the high rejection rate of FO membrane to various pollutants, it can obtain higher quality pure water. Recovering valuable resources from wastewater will transform wastewater management from a treatment focused to sustainability focused strategy, creating the need for new technology development. An innovative treatment concept which is based on cooperation between bioelectrochemical systems and forward osmosis has been introduced and studied in the past few years. Bioelectrochemical systems can provide draw solute, perform pre-treatment, or reduce reverse salt flux to help with FO operation; while FO can achieve water recovery, enhance current generation, and supply energy sources for the operation of bioelectrochemical systems. This paper reviews the past research, describes the principle, development history, as well as quantitative analysis, and discusses the prospects of OsMFC technology, focusing on the recovery of resources from wastewater, especially the research progress and existing problems of forward osmosis technology and microbial fuel cell coupling technology. Moreover, the future development trends of this technology were prospected, so as to promote the application of forward osmosis technology in sewage treatment and resource synchronous recovery.
作为一种新型膜技术，近年来，正向渗透（FO）在废水处理与回收领域引起了越来越多的关注。由于其驱动力为渗透压而非液压，正向渗透被视为一种低污染工艺，从而节省成本和能源。此外，由于正向渗透膜对各种污染物的高截留率，它能够获得更高质量的纯水。从废水中回收有价值的资源将把废水管理从以处理为重点的策略转变为以可持续性为重点的策略，这就需要开发新技术。在过去几年中，一种基于生物电化学系统与正向渗透合作的创新处理概念已被引入并研究。生物电化学系统可以提供汲取溶质、进行预处理或减少反向盐通量以帮助正向渗透运行；而正向渗透可以实现水的回收、增强电流产生，并为生物电化学系统的运行提供能源。本文回顾了以往的研究，描述了原理、发展历程以及定量分析，并讨论了渗透压微生物燃料电池（OsMFC）技术的前景，重点关注从废水中回收资源，特别是正向渗透技术与微生物燃料电池耦合技术的研究进展和存在的问题。此外，对该技术未来的发展趋势进行了展望，以促进正向渗透技术在污水处理和资源同步回收中的应用。
