College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.
Front Immunol. 2022 Dec 7;13:1010911. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1010911. eCollection 2022.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an epidemic respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that can cause infections in millions of individuals, who can develop lung injury, organ failure, and subsequent death. As the first line of host defense, the innate immune system is involved in initiating the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the hyperinflammatory phenotype of COVID-19. However, the interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and host innate immunity is not yet well understood. It had become known that the cGAS-STING pathway is involved in the detection of cytosolic DNA, which elicits an innate immune response involving a robust type I interferon response against viral and bacterial infections. Nevertheless, several lines of evidence indicate that SARS-CoV-2, a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus, triggered the cGAS-STING signaling pathway. Therefore, understanding the molecular and cellular details of cGAS-STING signaling upon SARS-CoV-2 infection is of considerable biomedical importance. In this review, we discuss the role of cGAS-STING signaling in SARS-CoV-2 infection and summarize the potential therapeutics of STING agonists as virus vaccine adjuvants.
新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是一种由严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的流行呼吸道疾病，可导致数百万人感染，引发肺部损伤、器官衰竭和随后的死亡。作为宿主防御的第一道防线，先天免疫系统参与启动对 SARS-CoV-2 感染的免疫反应和 COVID-19 的过度炎症表型。然而，SARS-CoV-2 与宿主先天免疫之间的相互作用尚未得到很好的理解。人们已经知道，cGAS-STING 途径参与了细胞溶质 DNA 的检测，该途径引发了针对病毒和细菌感染的强烈 I 型干扰素反应的先天免疫反应。然而，有几条证据表明，单链正链 RNA 病毒 SARS-CoV-2 触发了 cGAS-STING 信号通路。因此，了解 SARS-CoV-2 感染时 cGAS-STING 信号的分子和细胞细节具有重要的生物医学意义。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 cGAS-STING 信号在 SARS-CoV-2 感染中的作用，并总结了 STING 激动剂作为病毒疫苗佐剂的潜在治疗方法。
