Infante-Cañete Lidia, Arias-Calero Lidia, Wallace-Ruiz Agustin, Sánchez-Sánchez Ana María, Muñoz-Sánchez Ángela
Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
Department of Psychobiology and Methodology of Behavioral Sciences, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2022 Dec 7;13:909928. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.909928. eCollection 2022.
The spillover effect is the psychological overflow due to daily stress in one context and the transfer of its consequences to another close environment. The aim is to explore the spillover effect in conflicts within the family, on the one hand, and school with peers on the other hand, as an inferred measure of daily stress according to the literature.
The study consisted of a sample of 208 6-year-old students and their families. A methodology based on daily report records was used, by means of two ad hoc checklists with simultaneous measurements, for 2 consecutive weeks and 3 academic years, for both family and school contexts. A repeated measures design, together with a nonparametric statistical data analysis with Friedman's test and contrast measures, was used.
Daily stress shows significant differences in the family setting throughout the week ( = 32.44; = 0.000) and at different times of the day ( = 29.65; = 0.000). In the school setting, differences were found across the different days of the week ( = 36.96; = 0.000). Spillover effect has been discovered between conflicts at home in the evening and conflicts at school. At the same time, conflicts at school are related to conflicts at home from Wednesday onward.
The results suggest further research on daily stress through the interrelation of the different contexts, as well as the impact that moments of conflict may have on the psychological and emotional development of the child.
溢出效应是指由于某一情境中的日常压力所导致的心理溢出，并将其后果转移到另一个紧密相关的环境中。根据文献，本研究旨在探讨家庭内部冲突以及与同伴在学校发生冲突时的溢出效应，以此作为日常压力的一种推断性测量方法。
该研究样本包括208名6岁学生及其家庭。采用基于每日报告记录的方法，通过两份专门设计的清单进行同步测量，在连续2周以及3个学年内，对家庭和学校环境进行调查。研究采用重复测量设计，并运用弗里德曼检验和对比测量进行非参数统计数据分析。
日常压力在一周内的家庭环境中显示出显著差异（χ² = 32.44；p = 0.000），在一天中的不同时间也存在差异（χ² = 29.65；p = 0.000）。在学校环境中，一周内不同日期也存在差异（χ² = 36.96；p = 0.000）。研究发现晚上家庭冲突与学校冲突之间存在溢出效应。同时，从周三起，学校冲突与家庭冲突相关。
研究结果表明，需要通过不同情境之间的相互关系对日常压力进行进一步研究，以及冲突时刻可能对儿童心理和情感发展产生的影响。
