Snortum J R, Kremer L K, Berger D E
Department of Psychology, Claremont McKenna College, California 91711.
J Stud Alcohol. 1987 May;48(3):243-51. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1987.48.243.
Several studies have indicated that drinking-driving violation rates differ significantly across beverage preference groups. In an effort to assess beverage-specific alcohol expectancies, surveys of 120 college students probed self-concept, drinker stereotypes, beverage preference and quantity-frequency of alcohol consumption. The results revealed sharply differentiated social stereotypes for hypothetical drinkers of various alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages. Beverage preference groups differed little in self-concept except that men who preferred beer or mixed drinks rated themselves as more drunk than did men who preferred wine or nonalcoholic beverages. Combining all beverage preference groups, heavier drinkers rated themselves more positively and they rated male nondrinkers more negatively on most dimensions than did lighter drinkers. Support was found for some, but not all, extrapolations from consistency theory and enhancement theory in predicting beverage choice.
多项研究表明，不同饮料偏好群体的酒驾违规率存在显著差异。为了评估特定饮料的酒精预期，对120名大学生进行的调查探究了自我概念、饮酒者刻板印象、饮料偏好以及饮酒的量-频率。结果显示，对于各种酒精饮料和非酒精饮料的假设饮用者，社会刻板印象存在明显差异。饮料偏好群体在自我概念方面差异不大，只是偏好啤酒或混合饮料的男性比偏好葡萄酒或非酒精饮料的男性给自己的醉酒程度评分更高。综合所有饮料偏好群体来看，饮酒较多者在大多数维度上给自己的评分更积极，且对男性不饮酒者的评分比饮酒较少者更消极。在预测饮料选择方面，一致性理论和增强理论的一些（而非全部）推断得到了支持。
