Ranade Vivek V
Multiphase Reactor and Process Intensification Group Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland.
ACS Eng Au. 2022 Dec 21;2(6):461-476. doi: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.2c00025. Epub 2022 Jul 22.
Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is finding ever increasing applications in water, energy, chemicals, and materials sectors. HC generates intense shear, localized hot spots, and hydroxyl radicals, which are harnessed for realizing desired physicochemical transformations. Despite identification of HC as one of the most promising technology platforms, its potential is not yet adequately translated in practice. Lack of appropriate models for design, optimization, and scale-up of HC reactors is one of the primary reasons for this. In this work, the current status of modeling of HC reactors is presented. Various prevailing approaches covering empirical, phenomenological, and multiscale models are critically reviewed in light of personal experience of their application. Use of these approaches for different applications such as biomass pretreatment and wastewater treatment is briefly discussed. Some comments on extending these models for other applications like emulsions and crystallization are included. The presented models and discussion will be useful for practicing engineers and scientists interested in applying HC for a variety of applications. Some thoughts on further advances in modeling of HC reactors and outlook are shared, which may stimulate further research on improving the fidelity of computational models of HC reactors.
水力空化（HC）在水、能源、化工和材料领域的应用越来越广泛。HC会产生强烈的剪切力、局部热点和羟基自由基，可用于实现所需的物理化学转变。尽管HC被认为是最有前途的技术平台之一，但其潜力在实践中尚未得到充分发挥。缺乏适用于HC反应器设计、优化和放大的模型是主要原因之一。在这项工作中，介绍了HC反应器建模的现状。根据个人应用经验，对包括经验模型、现象学模型和多尺度模型在内的各种主流方法进行了批判性综述。简要讨论了这些方法在生物质预处理和废水处理等不同应用中的使用情况。还包括了关于将这些模型扩展到乳液和结晶等其他应用中的一些评论。所介绍的模型和讨论将对有兴趣将HC应用于各种领域的工程师和科学家有所帮助。分享了关于HC反应器建模进一步进展的一些想法和展望，这可能会激发进一步的研究，以提高HC反应器计算模型的准确性。
