Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Medipol Mega University Hospital, Bagcilar, 34214, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Neurol Sci. 2023 Mar;44(3):793-802. doi: 10.1007/s10072-022-06562-2. Epub 2022 Dec 27.
Cognitive deficits that are associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and occur in the acute period are gaining importance. While most studies have focused on the elderly severely affected during acute infection, it remains unclear whether mild to moderate COVID-19 results in cognitive deficits in young patients. This study aims to evaluate the post-infection cognitive functions of young adults with mild to moderate symptoms of COVID-19.
A total of 100 adults with similar age and educational background were included in the study. Half of those had been infected with COVID-19 in the last 60 days (N = 50), and the other half had not (N = 50). Global cognitive skills of the participants were evaluated through Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) and Clock-Drawing Test; memory functions with Öktem Verbal Memory Processes Test (Ö-VMPT); attention span with Digit Span Test; executive functions with Fluency Tests, Stroop Test, and Trail Making Test; visual perceptual skills with Rey Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCF); and neuropsychiatric status with Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Evaluations were performed in the experimental group for 21 to 60 days from the onset of the disease, and throughout the study, in the control group.
It was found that global cognitive skills, verbal memory, visual memory, executive function, and neuropsychiatric status were affected during COVID-19 (p < 0.05).
When the cases were analyzed according to disease severity, no relationship was found between cognitive deficits and disease severity.
与 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）相关并在急性期发生的认知缺陷变得越来越重要。虽然大多数研究都集中在急性感染期间受严重影响的老年人身上，但轻度至中度 COVID-19 是否会导致年轻患者出现认知缺陷仍不清楚。本研究旨在评估轻度至中度 COVID-19 症状的年轻成年人感染后的认知功能。
共有 100 名年龄和教育背景相似的成年人参与了这项研究。其中一半人在过去 60 天内感染过 COVID-19（N=50），另一半人没有（N=50）。通过蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）和画钟测验评估参与者的整体认知能力；使用Öktem 言语记忆过程测验（Ö-VMPT）评估记忆功能；使用数字跨度测试评估注意力跨度；使用流畅性测试、斯特鲁普测试和连线测试评估执行功能；使用 Rey Osterrieth 复杂图形测验（ROCF）评估视觉感知技能；使用神经精神病学量表（NPI）评估神经精神病学状态。在疾病发作后的 21 至 60 天内对实验组进行评估，并在整个研究过程中对对照组进行评估。
研究发现，在 COVID-19 期间，整体认知能力、言语记忆、视觉记忆、执行功能和神经精神病学状态受到影响（p<0.05）。
当根据疾病严重程度对病例进行分析时，认知缺陷与疾病严重程度之间没有关系。
