Ingabire Prossie M, Nantale Ritah, Sserwanja Quraish, Nakireka Susan, Musaba Milton W, Muyinda Asad, Tumuhaise Criscent, Namulema Edith, Bongomin Felix, Napyo Agnes, Ainembabazi Rozen, Olum Ronald, Munabi Ian, Kiguli Sarah, Mukunya David
Department of Medicine, Nsambya Hospital, Kampala, Uganda.
Department of Nursing, Busitema University, Tororo, Uganda.
Trop Med Health. 2022 Dec 28;50(1):100. doi: 10.1186/s41182-022-00491-8.
Identification of factors predicting prolonged hospitalization of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) guides the planning, care and flow of patients in the COVID-19 Treatment Units (CTUs). We determined the length of hospital stay and factors associated with prolonged hospitalization among patients with COVID-19 at six CTUs in Uganda.
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients admitted with COVID-19 between January and December 2021 in six CTUs in Uganda. We conducted generalized linear regression models of the binomial family with a log link and robust variance estimation to estimate risk ratios of selected exposure variables and prolonged hospitalization (defined as a hospital stay for 14 days or more). We also conducted negative binomial regression models with robust variance to estimate the rate ratios between selected exposures and hospitalization duration.
Data from 968 participants were analyzed. The median length of hospitalization was 5 (range: 1-89) days. A total of 136/968 (14.1%: 95% confidence interval (CI): 11.9-16.4%) patients had prolonged hospitalization. Hospitalization in a public facility (adjusted risk ratio (ARR) = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.65-3.76), critical COVID-19 severity scores (ARR = 3.24: 95% CI: 1.01-10.42), and malaria co-infection (adjusted incident rate ratio (AIRR) = 0.67: 95% CI: 0.55-0.83) were associated with prolonged hospitalization.
One out of seven COVID-19 patients had prolonged hospitalization. Healthcare providers in public health facilities should watch out for unnecessary hospitalization. We encourage screening for possible co-morbidities such as malaria among patients admitted for COVID-19.
确定预测冠状病毒病（COVID-19）患者住院时间延长的因素，有助于指导COVID-19治疗单元（CTU）中患者的规划、护理和流程安排。我们确定了乌干达六个CTU中COVID-19患者的住院时间以及与住院时间延长相关的因素。
我们对2021年1月至12月期间在乌干达六个CTU住院的COVID-19患者进行了一项回顾性队列研究。我们采用具有对数链接和稳健方差估计的二项式族广义线性回归模型，以估计选定暴露变量与住院时间延长（定义为住院14天或更长时间）的风险比。我们还采用具有稳健方差的负二项式回归模型，以估计选定暴露因素与住院时长之间的率比。
对968名参与者的数据进行了分析。住院时间中位数为5天（范围：1 - 89天）。共有136/968（14.1%：95%置信区间（CI）：11.9 - 16.4%）的患者住院时间延长。在公共机构住院（调整风险比（ARR）= 2.49，95% CI：1.65 - 3.76）、COVID-19重症评分（ARR = 3.24：95% CI：1.01 - 10.42）以及合并疟疾感染（调整发病率比（AIRR）= 0.67：95% CI：0.55 - 0.83）与住院时间延长相关。
七分之一的COVID-19患者住院时间延长。公共卫生机构的医护人员应警惕不必要住院情况。我们鼓励对因COVID-19入院的患者筛查可能的合并症，如疟疾。
