Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine and Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
General Physician, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2022 Dec 1;23(12):4073-4078. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.12.4073.
Breast cancer is one of the most common diseases of women, which can increase the survival of patients with its early diagnosis. Despite the existence of relatively sensitive methods of early detection of breast cancer, such as mammography, statistics show that a small number of women perform mammography according to the recommended clinical guidelines. Using the health belief model, this study aims to determine the factors affecting mammography among women teachers in Hamedan.
This study was conducted on 458 female teachers aged 40 years and older of Hamadan city, in western part of Iran, during October to December of 2019. The participants were asked about the factors affecting mammography based on the health belief model. Questionnaires were completed by self-reported method and analyzed by SPSS software at 95% confidence interval.
The average age of the study participants was 46±4.1 years. Among the participants, about 41.5% had performed mammography at least once. In univariate analysis, the constructs of the health belief model generally predicts performing mammography between 35 and 49 percent. In multivariate analysis, age 46 to 50 years, having supplementary insurance, history of breast disease, perceived barriers with odds ratio of 3.4, 3.4, 10.6 and .89, respectively, were significantly related to mammography.
Female teachers over 45 years of age with a history of breast disease, if they do not have financial or other barriers to do mammography, perform breast cancer screening.
本研究旨在利用健康信念模式，确定影响哈马丹市女性教师进行乳房 X 光检查的因素。
本研究于 2019 年 10 月至 12 月在伊朗西部哈马丹市对 458 名年龄在 40 岁及以上的女性教师进行了调查。参与者根据健康信念模型，就影响乳房 X 光检查的因素进行了问卷调查。采用自我报告的方法进行问卷调查，在 95%置信区间内采用 SPSS 软件进行分析。
研究参与者的平均年龄为 46±4.1 岁。其中，约有 41.5%的人至少进行过一次乳房 X 光检查。在单因素分析中，健康信念模型的各个结构普遍预测在 35 至 49 岁之间进行乳房 X 光检查。在多因素分析中，年龄在 46 至 50 岁、有补充保险、有乳房疾病史的个体，其进行乳房 X 光检查的可能性分别是无保险者的 3.4 倍、3.4 倍和 10.6 倍，OR 值分别为 3.4、3.4 和 10.6；而经济状况或其他障碍与进行乳房 X 光检查的可能性呈负相关，OR 值为 0.89。
年龄在 45 岁以上、有乳房疾病史的女性教师，如果没有经济或其他障碍，应进行乳腺癌筛查。
