Laboratoire de psychologie, Cognition, Santé, Socialisation, Reims, France.
University Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Medicine, Reims, France.
Int Marit Health. 2022;73(4):163-171. doi: 10.5603/IMH.2022.0029.
The aim of this survey was to assess the health status, sleep habits and dyssomnia of coastal fishermen.
This cross-sectional survey involved a representative sample of 948 coastal fishermen. All participants were men and had a regular activity for at least 2 years. We used an individual questionnaire inspired by those of Morphée network, the National Institute for Research and Security of France, and of the Karasek's Job Content Questionnaire.
The prevalence of sociodemographic and individual parameters was similar in rotating shiftwork (RW) and in nocturnal work (NW). The average age of the total population was 38.8 ± 8.1 years. The prevalence of sleep habits and alertness disorders was similar in RW and in NW. The average daily sleep time of the total population was 5.5 ± 0.9 hours during the week, and 8.7 ± 0.8 hours during the holidays, Fridays and recovery days. Upon waking, 49.7% of the subjects felt tired and sleepy, 43.2% fit and 7.1% had a headache. 47.2% reported being chronic insomniac. The index of severity of insomnia was moderate to severe in 29.6%. The prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness (Epworth > 10) was 16.2%. Fatigue, iso-strain and socio-economic concerns were associated with a higher risk of chronic insomnia.
Coastal fishermen were at a high risk of chronic dyssomnia and alertness disorders. Education initiatives should be conducted to raise fishermen's awareness on their health and safety consequences.
本调查旨在评估沿海渔民的健康状况、睡眠习惯和失眠情况。
本横断面调查涉及 948 名代表性的沿海渔民。所有参与者均为男性，且至少有 2 年的常规活动。我们使用了一种个体问卷，该问卷的灵感来自法国 Morphée 网络、国家研究与安全研究所和 Karasek 的工作内容问卷。
在轮班工作（RW）和夜间工作（NW）中，社会人口学和个体参数的流行率相似。总人群的平均年龄为 38.8 ± 8.1 岁。RW 和 NW 中睡眠习惯和警觉障碍的流行率相似。总人群在工作日的平均每日睡眠时间为 5.5 ± 0.9 小时，在节假日、星期五和休息日为 8.7 ± 0.8 小时。醒来时，49.7%的受试者感到疲倦和困倦，43.2%的受试者感到舒适，7.1%的受试者头痛。47.2%的人报告患有慢性失眠症。失眠严重程度指数为中度至重度的占 29.6%。白天过度嗜睡（Epworth > 10）的患病率为 16.2%。疲劳、等应变和社会经济问题与慢性失眠的高风险相关。
沿海渔民患有慢性失眠和警觉障碍的风险较高。应开展教育活动，提高渔民对其健康和安全后果的认识。
