可持续选择：意大利家庭中遵守饮食指南与食物浪费行为之间的关系。
Sustainable choices: The relationship between adherence to the dietary guidelines and food waste behaviors in Italian families.
作者信息
Grant Federica, Rossi Laura
机构信息
Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition (CREA Food and Nutrition), Rome, Italy.
出版信息
Front Nutr. 2022 Dec 14;9:1026829. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1026829. eCollection 2022.
INTRODUCTION
Food loss and waste are urgent problems to address. Recent estimates highlighted that the highest quantities of waste are generated at the household level and for this reason, the interest in this sector has increased over years.
METHODS
To investigate if there is a connection between consumers' behaviors aiming at reducing food waste and consumers' choices in adopting healthy eating habits, a survey among a sample ( = 2,869) representative of the Italian population was carried out with the use of validated questionnaires.
RESULTS
Results demonstrated that the higher the adherence to the Italian dietary guidelines indicator (AIDGI) the higher the score measuring household food waste behaviors (HFWB). In particular, the highest AIDGI corresponds to a preponderance of respondents that was more able to plan the shopping and the use of food (38.9%, < 0.001), to better evaluate the quantities to cook (40.4%, < 0.001), to avoid impulsive buying (35.2%, < 0.01), to have a high knowledge of the food stored (38.4%, < 0.001), to reuse leftovers (35.4%, < 0.001), to assess food safety (34.7%, < 0.001), to plan accurately (34.9%, < 0.01), to know how to prolong the shelf life of a product (34%, < 0.05), and to cook creatively (32%, < 0.01). In addition to that, half of the respondents with the lowest AIDGI score did not receive any education regarding food waste (51.1%, < 0.001). HFWB indicators globally resulted in scores ranging from 40 to 80% revealing the attention of Italians to food waste issues. Regarding eating habits, in half of the sample (50.4%) a consumption pattern with low adherence to nutritional recommendations was found, in particular among men (34.4%), younger age groups (40%), and people living in large families (42.3%).
DISCUSSION
The overall results provided interesting information that could give input for planning nutrition education actions and identifying targets and topics to be addressed.
引言
食物损失和浪费是亟待解决的问题。最近的估计强调，家庭层面产生的浪费量最大，因此，多年来人们对该领域的关注度不断提高。
方法
为了调查旨在减少食物浪费的消费者行为与消费者选择健康饮食习惯之间是否存在关联，我们使用经过验证的问卷，对代表意大利人口的样本（n = 2,869）进行了一项调查。
结果
结果表明，对意大利饮食指南指标（AIDGI）的依从性越高，衡量家庭食物浪费行为（HFWB）的得分就越高。特别是，AIDGI得分最高的人群中，有更高比例的受访者更能够规划购物和食物使用（38.9%，P < 0.001），更好地评估烹饪量（40.4%，P < 0.001），避免冲动购买（35.2%，P < 0.01），对储存的食物有较高了解（38.4%，P < 0.001），重新利用剩菜（35.4%，P < 0.001），评估食品安全（34.7%，P < 0.001），准确规划（34.9%，P < 0.01），知道如何延长产品保质期（34%，P < 0.05），以及进行创意烹饪（32%，P < 0.01）。此外，AIDGI得分最低的受访者中有一半没有接受过任何关于食物浪费的教育（51.1%，P < 0.001）。HFWB指标的全球得分范围为40%至80%，这表明意大利人对食物浪费问题的关注。关于饮食习惯，在一半的样本（50.4%）中发现了对营养建议依从性较低的消费模式，特别是在男性（34.4%）、较年轻年龄组（40%）和大家庭中的人群（42.3%）中。
讨论
总体结果提供了有趣的信息，可为规划营养教育行动以及确定目标和需要解决的主题提供参考。
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