Laboratoire de Psychologie, University of Bordeaux, UR 4139, Labsy, France.
Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France.
Cogn Emot. 2023 May-Jun;37(3):397-411. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2022.2162483. Epub 2023 Jan 2.
Hypnosis is considered a unique tool capable of modulating cognitive processes. The extent to which hypnotic suggestions intervenes is still under debate. This study was designed to provide a new insight into this issue, by focusing on an unintentional emotional process: attentional bias. In Experiment 1, highly suggestible participants performed three sessions of an emotional Stroop task where hypnotic suggestions aiming to increase and decrease emotional reactivity towards emotional stimuli were administered within an intra-individual design. Compared to a baseline condition (without hypnotic suggestion), a significant increase in attentional bias was found when a hypnotic suggestion to increase emotional reactivity was administered. In contrast, the bias was eliminated when a suggestion to decrease emotional reactivity was administered. Experiment 2 investigated the effect of session repetition on attentional bias across three successive experimental sessions without hypnosis, and showed that the emotional Stroop effect did not vary across sessions. Hence, session repetition could not account for part of the modulation of attentional bias in Experiment 1. Taken together, the results suggest that specific hypnotic suggestions can influence elicitation of unintentional emotional processing. The implications are discussed regarding the locus of intervention of hypnotic suggestion in cognitive and emotional processes.
催眠被认为是一种独特的工具，能够调节认知过程。催眠暗示干预的程度仍存在争议。本研究旨在通过关注一种无意识的情绪过程：注意偏向，为这个问题提供新的见解。在实验 1 中，高暗示性的参与者进行了三次情绪 Stroop 任务，在个体内设计中，给予了旨在增加和降低对情绪刺激的情绪反应的催眠暗示。与基线条件（无催眠暗示）相比，当给予增加情绪反应的催眠暗示时，注意力偏向显著增加。相比之下，当给予降低情绪反应的暗示时，注意力偏向则被消除。实验 2 调查了在没有催眠的情况下，三次连续实验中重复实验对注意力偏向的影响，结果表明情绪 Stroop 效应在实验中没有变化。因此，实验 1 中注意力偏向的调节不能归因于实验的重复。总的来说，这些结果表明，特定的催眠暗示可以影响无意识情绪处理的引发。讨论了催眠暗示在认知和情绪过程中的干预位置的含义。
