Fiallo-Olivé Elvira, Navas-Castillo Jesús
Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora" (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida Dr. Wienberg s/n, 29750, Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain.
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2023;439:139-166. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-15640-3_4.
Mutation, recombination and pseudo-recombination are the major forces driving the evolution of viruses by the generation of variants upon which natural selection, genetic drift and gene flow can act to shape the genetic structure of viral populations. Recombination between related virus genomes co-infecting the same cell usually occurs via template swapping during the replication process and produces a chimeric genome. The family Geminiviridae shows the highest evolutionary success among plant virus families, and the common presence of recombination signatures in their genomes reveals a key role in their evolution. This review describes the general characteristics of members of the family Geminiviridae and associated DNA satellites, as well as the extensive occurrence of recombination at all taxonomic levels, from strain to family. The review also presents an overview of the recombination patterns observed in nature that provide some clues regarding the mechanisms involved in the generation and emergence of recombinant genomes. Moreover, the results of experimental evolution studies that support some of the conclusions obtained in descriptive or in silico works are summarized. Finally, the review uses a number of case studies to illustrate those recombination events with evolutionary and pathological implications as well as recombination events in which DNA satellites are involved.
突变、重组和假重组是推动病毒进化的主要力量，它们通过产生变异体，使自然选择、遗传漂变和基因流动能够作用于这些变异体，从而塑造病毒群体的遗传结构。共同感染同一细胞的相关病毒基因组之间的重组通常在复制过程中通过模板交换发生，并产生嵌合基因组。双生病毒科在植物病毒科中表现出最高的进化成功率，其基因组中普遍存在的重组特征揭示了重组在其进化中的关键作用。本综述描述了双生病毒科成员及相关DNA卫星的一般特征，以及从菌株到科的所有分类水平上广泛发生的重组情况。该综述还概述了在自然界中观察到的重组模式，这些模式为重组基因组的产生和出现所涉及的机制提供了一些线索。此外，还总结了支持描述性或计算机模拟研究中得出的一些结论的实验进化研究结果。最后，本综述通过一些案例研究来说明那些具有进化和病理意义的重组事件以及涉及DNA卫星的重组事件。
