Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, P.O. Box 43518, El Salam City, Suez Governorate, Egypt.
Faculty of Geography and Geology, Institute of Geological Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 3a, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jan 2;13(1):58. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-26484-5.
The rapid development and mutations have heightened ceramic industrialization to supply the countries' requirements worldwide. Therefore, the continuous exploration for new reserves of possible ceramic-raw materials is needed to overwhelm the increased demand for ceramic industries. In this study, the suitability assessment of potential applications for Upper Cretaceous (Santonian) clay deposits at Abu Zenima area, as raw materials in ceramic industries, was extensively performed. Remote sensing data were employed to map the Kaolinite-bearing formation as well as determine the additional occurrences of clay reserves in the studied area. In this context, ten representative clayey materials from the Matulla Formation were sampled and examined for their mineralogical, geochemical, morphological, physical, thermal, and plasticity characteristics. The mineralogical and chemical compositions of starting clay materials were examined. The physicochemical surface properties of the studied clay were studied utilizing SEM-EDX and TEM. The particle-size analysis confirmed the adequate characteristics of samples for white ceramic stoneware and ceramic tiles manufacturing. The technological and suitability properties of investigated clay deposits proved the industrial appropriateness of Abu Zenima clay as a potential ceramic raw material for various ceramic products. The existence of high kaolin reserves in the studied area with reasonable quality and quantity has regional significance. It would significantly help reduce the manufacturing cost and overwhelm the high consumption rate. The ceramic manufacturers in the investigated areas are expected to bring steady producers into the industry in the long term to gain the advantage of low-cost raw materials, labor, and factory construction.
快速的发展和变化使陶瓷工业化程度提高，以满足全球各国的需求。因此，需要不断探索新的潜在陶瓷原料储备，以满足陶瓷工业日益增长的需求。在本研究中，广泛评估了阿布宰尼马地区上白垩统（桑托阶）黏土矿床作为陶瓷工业原料的潜在应用适宜性。利用遥感数据对高岭石bearing 地层进行了制图，并确定了研究区粘土储量的其他赋存情况。在此背景下，从马图拉地层中选取了 10 个具有代表性的粘土层进行了矿物学、地球化学、形态学、物理、热学和塑性特征的研究。对起始粘土材料的矿物学和化学成分进行了研究。利用 SEM-EDX 和 TEM 研究了研究粘土的物理化学表面特性。粒度分析证实了样品具有用于白色陶瓷石器和瓷砖制造的足够特性。对研究粘土矿床的技术和适宜性特性的研究证明了阿布宰尼马粘土作为各种陶瓷产品潜在陶瓷原料的工业适宜性。研究区高高岭土储量的存在具有合理的质量和数量，具有区域意义。这将显著有助于降低制造成本并克服高消耗率。预计研究区的陶瓷制造商将在长期内引入稳定的生产商，以利用低成本的原材料、劳动力和工厂建设来获得优势。
